Lysozyme Counteracts β-Lactam Antibiotics by Promoting the Emergence of L-Form Bacteria
| Autor: | Yoshikazu Kawai, Jeff Errington, Katarzyna M. Mickiewicz |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Lysis Hydrolases Prophages 030106 microbiology L Forms Peptidoglycan Biology beta-Lactams General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Bacterial cell structure Bacterial genetics Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Bacteriolysis Osmoregulation L-form bacteria Cell Wall Animals Penicillin-Binding Proteins Innate immune system Microbial Viability Macrophages Penicillin G biology.organism_classification 3. Good health Anti-Bacterial Agents 030104 developmental biology RAW 264.7 Cells chemistry Lytic cycle Muramidase Lysozyme Bacteria Bacillus subtilis |
| Zdroj: | Cell |
| ISSN: | 0092-8674 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.021 |
| Popis: | β-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial cell wall assembly and, under classical microbiological culture conditions that are generally hypotonic, induce explosive cell death. Here, we show that under more physiological, osmoprotective conditions, for various Gram-positive bacteria, lysis is delayed or abolished, apparently because inhibition of class A penicillin-binding protein leads to a block in autolytic activity. Although these cells still then die by other mechanisms, exogenous lytic enzymes, such as lysozyme, can rescue viability by enabling the escape of cell wall-deficient “L-form” bacteria. This protective L-form conversion was also observed in macrophages and in an animal model, presumably due to the production of host lytic activities, including lysozyme. Our results demonstrate the potential for L-form switching in the host environment and highlight the unexpected effects of innate immune effectors, such as lysozyme, on antibiotic activity. Unlike previously described dormant persisters, L-forms can continue to proliferate in the presence of antibiotic. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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