Fate of atrazine and chlorpyrifos during solid state fermentation—examination of processes
| Autor: | David N. Judge, Donald E. Mullins, Hubert L. Walker, Duane F. Berry |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Insecticides
Chromatography Herbicides Pesticide Residues Ethyl acetate General Medicine Biodegradation Alkali metal Pollution Refuse Disposal chemistry.chemical_compound Residue (chemistry) Solid-state fermentation chemistry Covalent bond Fermentation Atrazine Chlorpyrifos Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B. 35:647-675 |
| ISSN: | 1532-4109 0360-1234 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/03601230009373300 |
| Popis: | Solid state fermentation (SSF) was investigated as a means to dispose of two commonly used pesticides, chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate) and atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine). SSF experiments were carried out in bench-scale bioreactors (equipped with CO 2 and volatile organic traps) containing a mixture of lignocellulosic materials and a radiolabeled pesticide. Ethyl acetate-extractable, alkali soluble, and alkali insoluble fractions were evaluated for radioactivity following a 60-d incubation period at 40°C. The majority of the [2,6-pyridyl- 14 C]chlorpyrifos was associated with the ethyl acetate extract (about 74%), 17% was trapped as organic volatiles by polyurethane foam traps and < 0.5% of the chlorpyrifos was mineralized to CO 2 . Only small amounts of the radioactivity were associated with alkali soluble (0.0003%) and alkali insoluble (0.3%) fractions. In the [ 14 C-U-ring]atrazine bioreactors, very little of the radioactivity volatilized ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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