The effect of smoking on the risk of gallbladder cancer
| Autor: | Yuan Ruifan, Zhou Chen, Qian Cheng, Jin Jie, Ming Zhibing, Chen Zhuo, Ding Wenbin, Ge Zhenming |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Oncology medicine.medical_specialty Hepatology business.industry Smoking Gastroenterology Odds ratio medicine.disease Risk Assessment medicine.anatomical_structure Risk Factors Meta-analysis Internal medicine Odds Ratio medicine Humans Female Gallbladder Neoplasms Observational study Gallbladder Neoplasm Gallbladder cancer business Pancreas Risk assessment |
| Zdroj: | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 25:373-379 |
| ISSN: | 0954-691X |
| Popis: | Cigarette smoking has been shown to cause many nonpulmonary cancers, including those of liver, pancreas and bladder. However, results of epidemiologic studies examining the association between smoking and gallbladder cancer (GBC) have been mixed. To clarify the association of cigarette smoking and GBC, we performed a meta-analysis of observational studies.A literature search was performed using Medline (from 1 January 1966) and Embase (from 1 January 1974), through 31 January 2012, and by manually searching the reference lists of pertinent articles. Summary relative risks (SRRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model.A total of 11 articles (10 case-control and one prospective cohort studies) were used in this meta-analysis, which is based on a total of 1178 GBC cases. Analysis of 11 studies found that smokers had an increased risk of GBC development, compared with nonsmokers (SRRs 1.45, 95% CIs, 1.11-1.89). There was moderate heterogeneity among studies (Q=18.15, P=0.052, I2 =44.9%). These increased risks were independent of alcohol use and a history of gallstones. No significant publication bias was found.Although the current evidence supports a positive link between cigarette smoking and risk of gallbladder cancer, additional population-based studies, particularly cohort studies, are needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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