Discovery and mode of action of afoxolaner, a new isoxazoline parasiticide for dogs
Autor: | Richard G. McDowell, Wesley L. Shoop, Molly E. Waddell, Robert F. Dietrich, John B. Kinney, Daniel F. Rhoades, George Philip Lahm, Eric A. Benner, Brandon R. Gould, Gail S. Jones, Ty Wagerle, Mark E. Schroeder, Daniel Cordova, Ming Xu, Jeffrey Keith Long, Eric J. Hartline, Pat N. Confalone |
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Rok vydání: | 2014 |
Předmět: |
Male
Fluralaner Ectoparasiticide Cockroaches Pharmacology Naphthalenes Isoxazoline chemistry.chemical_compound Random Allocation Xenopus laevis Dogs Flea Infestations Ticks Afoxolaner Pharmacokinetics Oral administration Chloride Channels Potency Animals Dog Diseases Dermacentor variabilis Mode of action Ctenocephalides General Veterinary biology Antiparasitic Agents General Medicine Isoxazoles biology.organism_classification veterinary(all) Electrophysiological Phenomena Tick Infestations Drosophila melanogaster Fleas chemistry Oocytes Siphonaptera Parasitology Female Protein Binding |
Zdroj: | Veterinary parasitology. 201(3-4) |
ISSN: | 1873-2550 |
Popis: | Afoxolaner is an isoxazoline compound characterized by a good safety profile and extended effectiveness against fleas and ticks on dogs following a single oral administration. In vitro membrane feeding assay data and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies in dogs established an afoxolaner blood concentration of 0.1–0.2 μg/ml to be effective against both fleas ( Ctenocephalides felis ) and ticks ( Dermacentor variabilis ). Pharmacokinetic profiles in dogs following a 2.5 mg/kg oral dosage demonstrated uniform and predictable afoxolaner plasma concentrations above threshold levels required for efficacy for more than one month. Dose ranging and a 5-month multi-dose experimental study in dogs, established that the 2.5 mg/kg oral dosage was highly effective against fleas and ticks, and produced predictable and reproducible pharmacokinetics following repeated dosing. Mode of action studies showed that afoxolaner blocked native and expressed insect GABA-gated chloride channels with nanomolar potency. Afoxolaner has comparable potency between wild type channels and channels possessing the A302S (resistance-to-dieldrin) mutation. Lack of cyclodiene cross-resistance for afoxolaner was confirmed in comparative Drosophila toxicity studies, and it is concluded that afoxolaner blocked GABA-gated chloride channels via a site distinct from the cyclodienes. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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