Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Drosophila melanogaster Myosins
| Autor: | George Tzolovsky, Hadas Millo, Stephen Pathirana, Timothy Wood, Mary Bownes |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
DNA
Complementary Molecular Sequence Data PDZ domain macromolecular substances Myosins Biology Conserved sequence Evolution Molecular Motor protein Phylogenetics Myosin Genetics Animals Drosophila Proteins Amino Acid Sequence Molecular Biology Conserved Sequence Phylogeny Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Actin DNA Primers Sequence Homology Amino Acid Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction biology.organism_classification Protein Structure Tertiary Cell biology Drosophila melanogaster Evolutionary biology RNA Drosophila Protein |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Biology and Evolution. 19:1041-1052 |
| ISSN: | 1537-1719 0737-4038 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004163 |
| Popis: | Myosins constitute a superfamily of motor proteins that convert energy from ATP hydrolysis into mechanical movement along the actin filaments. Phylogenetic analysis currently places myosins into 17 classes based on class-specific features of their conserved motor domain. Traditionally, the myosins have been divided into two classes depending on whether they form monomers or dimers. The conventional myosin of muscle and nonmuscle cells forms class II myosins. They are complex molecules of four light chains bound to two heavy chains that form bipolar filaments via interactions between their coiled-coil tails (type II). Class I myosins are smaller monomeric myosins referred to as unconventional myosins. Now, at least 15 other classes of unconventional myosins are known. How many myosins are needed to ensure the proper development and function of eukaryotic organisms? Thus far, three types of myosins were found in budding yeast, six in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and at least 12 in human. Here, we report on the identification and classification of Drosophila melanogaster myosins. Analysis of the Drosophila genome sequence identified 13 myosin genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence comparison of the myosin motor domains, as well as the presence of the class-specific domains, suggests that Drosophila myosins can be divided into nine major classes. Myosins belonging to previously described classes I, II, III, V, VI, and VII are present. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis indicates that the fruitfly genome contains at least five new myosins. Three of them fall into previously described myosin classes I, VII, and XV. Another myosin is a homolog of the mouse and human PDZ-containing myosins, forming the recently defined class XVIII myosins. PDZ domains are named after the postsynaptic density, disc-large, ZO-1 proteins in which they were first described. The fifth myosin shows a unique domain composition and a low homology to any of the existing classes. We propose that this is classified when similar myosins are identified in other species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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