Chernobyl accident: reconstruction of thyroid dose for inhabitants of the Republic of Belarus
| Autor: | André Bouville, Yuri I Gavrilin, Anatoli M. Skryabin, Valeri Khrouch, Nikolai A. Krysenko, Lynn R. Anspaugh, Sergei M. Shinkarev |
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| Rok vydání: | 1999 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Radioactive Fallout Rural Population Adolescent Republic of Belarus Urban Population Epidemiology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Thyroid Gland Dose distribution Radiation Dosage Iodine Radioisotopes Age groups Environmental health Radioactive contamination Dosimetry Medicine Animals Humans Soil Pollutants Radioactive Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Child Life Style Geography business.industry Thyroid Age Factors Infant Diet Geographic distribution medicine.anatomical_structure Milk Cesium Radioisotopes Deposition density Child Preschool Tellurium Nuclear medicine business Radioactive Hazard Release Ukraine Power Plants |
| Zdroj: | Health physics. 76(2) |
| ISSN: | 0017-9078 |
| Popis: | The Chernobyl accident in April 1986 resulted in widespread contamination of the environment with radioactive materials, including 131I and other radioiodines. This environmental contamination led to substantial radiation doses in the thyroids of many inhabitants of the Republic of Belarus. The reconstruction of thyroid doses received by Belarussians is based primarily on exposure rates measured against the neck of more than 200,000 people in the more contaminated territories; these measurements were carried out within a few weeks after the accident and before the decay of 131I to negligible levels. Preliminary estimates of thyroid dose have been divided into 3 classes: Class 1 (“measured” doses), Class 2 (doses “derived by affinity”), and Class 3 (“empirically derived” doses). Class 1 doses are estimated directly from the measured thyroidal 131I content of the person considered, plus information on lifestyle and dietary habits. Such estimates are available for about 130,000 individuals from the contaminated areas of the Gomel and Mogilev Oblasts and from the city of Minsk. Maximum individual doses are estimated to range up to about 60 Gy. For every village with a sufficient number of residents with Class 1 doses, individual thyroid dose distributions are determined for several age groups and levels of milk consumption. These data are used to derive Class 2 thyroid dose estimates for unmeasured inhabitants of these villages. For any village where the number of residents with Class 1 thyroid doses is small or equal to zero, individual thyroid doses of Class 3 are derived from the relationship obtained between the mean adult thyroid dose and the deposition density of 131I or 137Cs in villages with Class 2 thyroid doses presenting characteristics similar to those of the village considered. In order to improve the reliability of the Class 3 thyroid doses, an extensive program of measurement of 129I in soils is envisaged. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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