A Dynamic 6,000-Year Genetic History of Eurasia’s Eastern Steppe
| Autor: | Diimaajav Erdenebaatar, Florian Knolle, Wolfgang Haak, Prokopiy B. Konovalov, Bryan Kristopher Miller, Myagmar Erdene, Alexey A. Kovalev, Ayudai Ochir, Ganbold Ankhsanaa, Ke Wang, Jan Bemmann, Sodnom Ulziibayar, Nicole Boivin, Elena Zhambaltarova, Battuga Ochir, Ulambayar Erdenebat, Choongwon Jeong, Chelsea Chiovelli, Nikolay N. Kradin, Christina Warinner, Johannes Krause, Chuluunkhuu Vanchigdash, Raphaela Stahl, Dashzeveg Tumen, Bilikto A. Bazarov, Denis A. Miyagashev, Dorjpurev Khatanbaatar, Shevan Wilkin, Stephan Schiffels, Alicia R. Ventresca Miller, Chuluunbat Munkhbayar, William Timothy Treal Taylor, Jessica Hendy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Time Factors Steppe Population Pastoralism Biology migration Mongol empire General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Article 03 medical and health sciences Genetic Heterogeneity 0302 clinical medicine Gene Frequency Bronze Age Humans human population history nomadic pastoralists education ancient DNA History Ancient 030304 developmental biology 2. Zero hunger 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study geography Principal Component Analysis geography.geographical_feature_category Geography Ecology Genome Human Mongolia Gene Pool 15. Life on land Grassland Europe Ancient DNA Genetics Population Archaeology Haplotypes Xiongnu empire Female Eastern Steppe 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Cell |
| ISSN: | 0092-8674 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.015 |
| Popis: | Summary The Eastern Eurasian Steppe was home to historic empires of nomadic pastoralists, including the Xiongnu and the Mongols. However, little is known about the region’s population history. Here, we reveal its dynamic genetic history by analyzing new genome-wide data for 214 ancient individuals spanning 6,000 years. We identify a pastoralist expansion into Mongolia ca. 3000 BCE, and by the Late Bronze Age, Mongolian populations were biogeographically structured into three distinct groups, all practicing dairy pastoralism regardless of ancestry. The Xiongnu emerged from the mixing of these populations and those from surrounding regions. By comparison, the Mongols exhibit much higher eastern Eurasian ancestry, resembling present-day Mongolic-speaking populations. Our results illuminate the complex interplay between genetic, sociopolitical, and cultural changes on the Eastern Steppe. Graphical Abstract Highlights • Genome-wide analysis of 214 ancient individuals from Mongolia and the Baikal region • Three genetically distinct dairy pastoralist groups in Late Bronze Age Mongolia • Xiongnu nomadic empire formed through mixing of distinct local and distant groups • No selection on the lactase persistence alleles despite 5,000 years of dairy culture Ancient DNA from over 200 individuals inhabiting the Eastern Eurasian Steppe during the Bronze Age provides insights into the population history of the Mongols and Xiongnu. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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