A cascade of coregulating enhancer binding proteins initiates and propagates a multicellular developmental program
| Autor: | Nora B. Caberoy, Garret Suen, Krista M. Giglio, Anthony G. Garza, Dale Kaiser |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Myxococcus xanthus
Transcription Genetic Operon Molecular Sequence Data Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay Plasma protein binding Models Biological Bacterial Proteins Enhancer binding Promoter Regions Genetic Gene Spores Bacterial Genetics Regulation of gene expression Multidisciplinary Base Sequence biology Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Gene Expression Regulation Bacterial biology.organism_classification Cell biology Multicellular organism Enhancer Elements Genetic Phenotype PNAS Plus Genes Bacterial Mutation Signal transduction RNA Polymerase Sigma 54 Protein Binding |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| Popis: | The signal transduction networks that initiate multicellular development in bacteria remain largely undefined. Here, we report that Myxococcus xanthus regulates entry into its multicellular developmental program using a novel strategy: a cascade of transcriptional activators known as enhancer binding proteins (EBPs). The EBPs in the cascade function in sequential stages of early development, and several lines of evidence indicate that the cascade is propagated when EBPs that function at one stage of development directly regulate transcription of an EBP gene important for the next developmental stage. We also show that the regulatory cascade is designed in a novel way that extensively expands on the typical use of EBPs: Instead of using only one EBP to regulate a particular gene or group of genes, which is the norm in other bacterial systems, the cascade uses multiple EBPs to regulate EBP genes that are positioned at key transition points in early development. Based on the locations of the putative EBP promoter binding sites, several different mechanisms of EBP coregulation are possible, including the formation of coregulating EBP transcriptional complexes. We propose that M . xanthus uses an EBP coregulation strategy to make expression of EBP genes that modulate stage-stage transitions responsive to multiple signal transduction pathways, which provide information that is important for a coordinated decision to advance the developmental process. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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