The gut microbiome in drug‐resistant epilepsy
| Autor: | Jack McKenna, Dimitrios Kazis, Vasilios K. Kimiskidis, Georgia Gioula, Ioannis Mavroudis, Simela Chatzikonstantinou |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Drug Resistant Epilepsy
medicine.drug_class medicine.medical_treatment Population Antibiotics Drug resistance Gut flora intestinal dysbiosis Bioinformatics lcsh:RC346-429 antibiotics law.invention Probiotic Epilepsy law medicine Humans education Critical Reviews lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system education.field_of_study gut microbiota biology business.industry Probiotics refractory epilepsy biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Gastrointestinal Microbiome Neurology ketogenic diet Dysbiosis Neurology (clinical) Critical Review and Invited Commentary Diet Ketogenic business Ketogenic diet |
| Zdroj: | Epilepsia Open Epilepsia Open, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 28-37 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2470-9239 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/epi4.12461 |
| Popis: | Drug‐resistant epileptic patients make up approximately one‐third of the global epilepsy population. The pathophysiology of drug resistance has not been fully elucidated; however, current evidence suggests intestinal dysbiosis, as a possible etiopathogenic factor. Ketogenic diet, whose effect is considered to be mediated by alteration of gut microbiota synthesis, has long been administered in patients with medically refractory seizures, with positive outcomes. In this review, we present data derived from clinical studies regarding alterations of gut microbiome profile in drug‐resistant epileptic patients. We further attempt to describe the mechanisms through which the gut microbiome modification methods (including ketogenic diet, pre‐ or probiotic administration) improve drug‐resistant epilepsy, by reporting findings from preclinical and clinical studies. A comprehensive search of the published literature on the PubMed, Embase, and Web of science databases was performed. Overall, the role of gut microbiome in drug‐resistant epilepsy is an area which shows promise for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. More research is required to confirm the results from preliminary studies, as well as safety and effectiveness of altering gut bacterial composition, through the above‐mentioned methods. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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