Intestinal bacterial overgrowth includes potential pathogens in the carbohydrate overload models of equine acute laminitis
| Autor: | Mustajab H. Mirza, Joong-Wook Park, Julio C. Prado, Michael N. Fugaro, Craig R. Reinemeyer, Susan C. Eades, Max M. Häggblom, Janet C. Onishi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Hoof and Claw
Colon medicine.medical_treatment Lameness Animal Biology medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Foot Diseases Immune system medicine Eosinophilia Animals Horses Cecum Inflammation Protease General Veterinary Bacteria Pathogenic bacteria Starch General Medicine Laminitis Bacterial Infections biology.organism_classification Bacterial Load Fructans Endotoxins Lymphatic system Lameness Immunology Horse Diseases Lymph Nodes medicine.symptom |
| Zdroj: | Veterinary microbiology. 159(3-4) |
| ISSN: | 1873-2542 |
| Popis: | Carbohydrate overload models of equine acute laminitis are used to study the development of lameness. It is hypothesized that a diet-induced shift in cecal bacterial communities contributes to the development of the pro-inflammatory state that progresses to laminar failure. It is proposed that vasoactive amines, protease activators and endotoxin, all bacterial derived bioactive metabolites, play a role in disease development. Questions regarding the oral bioavailability of many of the bacterial derived bioactive metabolites remain. This study evaluates the possibility that a carbohydrate-induced overgrowth of potentially pathogenic cecal bacteria occurs and that bacterial translocation contributes toward the development of the pro-inflammatory state. Two groups of mixed-breed horses were used, those with laminitis induced by cornstarch ( n = 6) or oligofructan ( n = 6) and non-laminitic controls ( n = 8). Cecal fluid and tissue homogenates of extra-intestinal sites including the laminae were used to enumerate Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Horses that developed Obel grade2 lameness, revealed a significant overgrowth of potentially pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative intestinal bacteria within the cecal fluid. Although colonization of extra-intestinal sites with potentially pathogenic bacteria was not detected, results of this study indicate that cecal/colonic lymphadenopathy and eosinophilia develop in horses progressing to lameness. It is hypothesized that the pro-inflammatory state in carbohydrate overload models of equine acute laminitis is driven by an immune response to the rapid overgrowth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cecal bacterial communities in the gut. Further equine research is indicated to study the immunological response, involving the lymphatic system that develops in the model. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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