Viral lysis modifies seasonal phytoplankton dynamics and carbon flow in the Southern Ocean
| Autor: | Jef Huisman, Tristan Biggs, Corina P. D. Brussaard |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Freshwater and Marine Ecology (IBED, FNWI) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Lysis 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Oceans and Seas chemistry.chemical_element Biology Virus-host interactions 01 natural sciences Microbiology Article Microbial ecology Grazing Phytoplankton Organic matter Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Trophic level chemistry.chemical_classification Diatoms Ecology 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology fungi Carbon chemistry Microbial population biology Seasons |
| Zdroj: | The ISME Journal ISME Journal, 15(12). Nature Publishing Group |
| ISSN: | 1751-7362 |
| Popis: | Phytoplankton form the base of marine food webs and are a primary means for carbon export in the Southern Ocean, a key area for global pCO2 drawdown. Viral lysis and grazing have very different effects on microbial community dynamics and carbon export, yet, very little is known about the relative magnitude and ecological impact of viral lysis on natural phytoplankton communities, especially in Antarctic waters. Here, we report on the temporal dynamics and relative importance of viral lysis rates, in comparison to grazing, for Antarctic nano- and pico-sized phytoplankton of varied taxonomy and size over a full productive season. Our results show that viral lysis was a major loss factor throughout the season, responsible for roughly half (58%) of seasonal phytoplankton carbon losses. Viral lysis appeared critically important for explaining temporal dynamics and for obtaining a complete seasonal mass balance of Antarctic phytoplankton. Group-specific responses indicated a negative correlation between grazing and viral losses in Phaeocystis and picoeukaryotes, while for other phytoplankton groups losses were more evenly spread throughout the season. Cryptophyte mortality was dominated by viral lysis, whereas small diatoms were mostly grazed. Larger diatoms dominated algal carbon flow and a single ‘lysis event’ directed >100% of daily carbon production away from higher trophic levels. This study highlights the need to consider viral lysis of key Antarctic phytoplankton for a better understanding of microbial community interactions and more accurate predictions of organic matter flux in this climate-sensitive region. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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