Attention profiles in autism spectrum disorder and subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Autor: Catharina Schmidt, Diana Schulze, Sara Boxhoorn, Christine M. Freitag, Eva Lopez, Susann Hänig
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Neurocognitive Disorders
behavioral disciplines and activities
Executive Function
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Attention Problems
Germany
mental disorders
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Child and adolescent psychiatry
medicine
Humans
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Child
05 social sciences
Neuropsychology
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Executive functions
Psychiatry and Mental health
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Autism spectrum disorder
Divided attention
Impulsive Behavior
Pediatrics
Perinatology and Child Health

Female
Cognition Disorders
Psychology
Neurocognitive
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
050104 developmental & child psychology
Clinical psychology
Zdroj: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
ISSN: 1435-165X
1018-8827
DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1138-8
Popis: Attention problems are observed in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most neuropsychological studies that compared both disorders focused on complex executive functions (EF), but missed to contrast basic attention functions, as well as ASD- and ADHD subtypes. The present study compared EF as well as basic attention functioning of children with the combined subtype (ADHD-C), the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I), and autism spectrum disorder without ADHD (ASD-) with typically developing controls (TD). Basic attention functions and EF profiles were analysed by testing the comprehensive attention function model of van Zomeren and Brouwer using profile analysis. Additionally, neurocognitive impairments in ASD- and ADHD were regressed on dimensional measures of attention- and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms across and within groups. ADHD-C revealed a strong impairment across measures of EF compared to ASD- and TD. The ADHD-C profile furthermore showed disorder specific impairments in interference control, whereas the ASD- profile showed a disorder specific impairment in basic attention component divided attention. Attention- and hyperactive-impulsive symptom severity did not predict neurocognitive impairments across- or within groups. Study findings thus support disorder and subtype specific attention/EF profiles, which refute the idea of a continuum of ADHD-I, ADHD-C, and ASD with increasing neurocognitive impairments.
Databáze: OpenAIRE