High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Disease Across Countries and Ethnicities
Autor: | Maria Cristina de Oliveira Izar, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein Fonseca |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Ethnic Groups Disease Review 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology White People Diabetes Complications 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology medicine Prevalence C-reactive Protein Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Obesity Intensive care medicine Stroke Cause of death Dyslipidemias Inflammation lcsh:R5-920 business.industry General Medicine Hispanic or Latino medicine.disease Surgery Black or African American Epidemiological transition C-Reactive Protein Cardiovascular Diseases Female business lcsh:Medicine (General) Dyslipidemia Biomarkers |
Zdroj: | Clinics, Volume: 71, Issue: 4, Pages: 235-242, Published: APR 2016 Clinics; v. 71 n. 4 (2016); 235-242 Clinics; Vol. 71 Núm. 4 (2016); 235-242 Clinics; Vol. 71 No. 4 (2016); 235-242 Clinics Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP Clinics, Vol 71, Iss 4, Pp 235-242 (2016) |
ISSN: | 1980-5322 1807-5932 |
Popis: | Despite substantial differences in ethnicities, habits, cultures, the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and affordable therapies, atherosclerosis remains the major cause of death in developing and developed countries. However, irrespective of these differences, inflammation is currently recognized as the common pathway for the major complications of atherosclerosis, stroke, and ischemic heart disease. A PubMed search was conducted for "high-sensitivity C-reactive protein" (hs-CRP) in combination with the terms race, ethnicity, gender, prevalence, geographic, epidemiology, cardiovascular, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, smoking, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and mortality. This review includes the articles that pertained to the topic and additional articles identified from the reference lists of relevant publications. This review describes the marked differences in cardiovascular mortality across countries and ethnicities, which may be attributed to inequalities in the prevalence of the classic risk factors and the stage of cardiovascular epidemiological transition. However, hs-CRP appears to contribute to the prognostic information regarding cardiovascular risk and mortality even after multiple adjustments. Considering the perception of cardiovascular disease as an inflammatory disease, the more widespread use of hs-CRP appears to represent a valid tool to identify people at risk, independent of their ancestry or geographic region. In conclusion, this review reports that the complications associated with vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques are triggered by the major mechanisms of dyslipidemia and inflammation; whereas both mechanisms are influenced by classic risk factors, hs-CRP contributes additional information regarding cardiovascular events and mortality. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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