Estimation of Risk to the Eco-Environment and Human Health of Using Heavy Metals in the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India
| Autor: | Pedro Dinis, Munesh Kumar, Marina Cabral Pinto, Amit Kumar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
pollution indices Index (economics) Soil test media_common.quotation_subject 0211 other engineering and technologies Drainage basin 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences human health lcsh:Technology 01 natural sciences soil lcsh:Chemistry Environmental health Urbanization General Materials Science lcsh:QH301-705.5 Instrumentation risk 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes 021110 strategic defence & security studies geography geography.geographical_feature_category lcsh:T Process Chemistry and Technology General Engineering heavy metal Contamination Hazard Soil contamination lcsh:QC1-999 Computer Science Applications lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 lcsh:TA1-2040 Environmental science lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) lcsh:Physics |
| Zdroj: | Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 7078, p 7078 (2020) Applied Sciences Volume 10 Issue 20 |
| ISSN: | 2076-3417 |
| Popis: | In the modern era, due to the rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization in the vicinity of the Himalayas, heavy metals contamination in soil has become a key priority for researchers working globally however, evaluation of the human and ecological risks mainly in hilly areas remains limited. In this study, we analyzed indices like the contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (DC), enrichment factor (EF), geochemical index (Igeo), pollution ecological risk index (PERI), and pollution load index (PLI), along with cancer risk (CR) and hazard indices (HI), to ascertain the eco-environmental and human risks of using heavy metals in datasets collected from 168 sampling locations in Uttarakhand, India. The evaluation calculated of Igeo, EF, and CF suggests that represented soil samples were moderately contaminated and highly augmented with Rb, while PERI (75.56) advocates a low ecological risk. Further, PLI and DC (PLI: 1.26 DC: 36.66) show a possible health risk for the native population in the vicinity of the studied catchment. The hazard index (HI) is estimated greater than 1 (HI > 1) for Cr and Mn, representing a possible risk for cancer. However, adults are free from cancer risk, and other studied elements have been reported as noncarcinogenic. This assessment gives important information to policymakers, environmentalists, and foresters for taking mitigation measures in advance to mitigate the potential future risk of soil pollution on humans, ecology, and the environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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