Food groups and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies
Autor: | Angela Bechthold, Georg F. Hoffmann, Lukas Schwingshackl, Khalid Iqbal, Sabrina Schlesinger, Anna-Maria Lampousi, Carolina Schwedhelm, Sven Knüppel, Heiner Boeing |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Meat Epidemiology 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Type 2 diabetes Food group 03 medical and health sciences Eating 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Vegetables Medicine Humans Nuts Food science Prospective Studies Refined grains Prospective cohort study Whole Grains 030109 nutrition & dietetics business.industry food and beverages Feeding Behavior Random effects model medicine.disease Diet Dose-response Food Meta-analysis Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Relative risk Fruit Red meat Dose–response business Risk Reduction Behavior Meta-Analysis |
Zdroj: | European Journal of Epidemiology European journal of epidemiology, 32(5):363-375 |
ISSN: | 1573-7284 |
Popis: | The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the knowledge about the relation between intake of 12 major food groups and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar for prospective studies investigating the association between whole grains, refined grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, eggs, dairy, fish, red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) on risk of T2D. Summary relative risks were estimated using a random effects model by contrasting categories, and for linear and non-linear dose–response relationships. Six out of the 12 food-groups showed a significant relation with risk of T2D, three of them a decrease of risk with increasing consumption (whole grains, fruits, and dairy), and three an increase of risk with increasing consumption (red meat, processed meat, and SSB) in the linear dose–response meta-analysis. There was evidence of a non-linear relationship between fruits, vegetables, processed meat, whole grains, and SSB and T2D risk. Optimal consumption of risk-decreasing foods resulted in a 42% reduction, and consumption of risk-increasing foods was associated with a threefold T2D risk, compared to non-consumption. The meta-evidence was graded “low” for legumes and nuts; “moderate” for refined grains, vegetables, fruit, eggs, dairy, and fish; and “high” for processed meat, red meat, whole grains, and SSB. Among the investigated food groups, selecting specific optimal intakes can lead to a considerable change in risk of T2D. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10654-017-0246-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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