Insulin resistance in hypertensives: effect of salt sensitivity, renin status and sodium intake
Autor: | Annaswamy Raji, Paul N. Hopkins, Steve C. Hunt, Gordon H. Williams, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Ellen W. Seely, Norman K. Hollenberg |
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Rok vydání: | 2001 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Blood Glucose Male medicine.medical_specialty Physiology medicine.medical_treatment Sodium chemistry.chemical_element Blood Pressure Essential hypertension Insulin resistance Risk Factors Internal medicine Renin–angiotensin system Renin Internal Medicine medicine Homeostasis Humans Insulin Sodium Chloride Dietary Aged business.industry nutritional and metabolic diseases Middle Aged medicine.disease Prognosis Endocrinology Blood pressure Phenotype chemistry Salt sensitivity Hypertension Female Insulin Resistance Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business Biomarkers |
Zdroj: | Journal of hypertension. 19(1) |
ISSN: | 0263-6352 |
Popis: | Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA index) is predictive of insulin sensitivity in normal and diabetic patients. This study was designed to see if insulin resistance in hypertensives, measured using the HOMA index, differs, based on salt sensitivity, renin status and sodium intake.Fasting insulin and glucose were determined in subsets of 426 essential hypertensives, and normotensives. HOMA was calculated as fasting glucose (mmol) x fasting insulin (muU/ml)/22.5.Four hundred and twenty-six essential hypertensives and normotensives from four HERMES centers form the basis of this report. There was no difference in the HOMA index between hypertensives and normotensives (P= 0.291) or between hypertensives grouped according to blood pressure salt sensitivity (P = 0.153). However, when essential hypertensives were subgrouped by renin status, the low-renin group had significantly lower (P0.01) HOMA index than the normal/high-renin group. When normal/high-renin group was divided into modulators and non-modulators, the nonmodulators had significantly higher HOMA index (P0.001) than other hypertensive subsets. The effect of sodium intake on the HOMA index was significant only for non-modulators (P0.002), with salt restriction increasing insulin resistance.Insulin sensitivity differs among subsets of essential hypertension, non-modulators being most insulin resistant and the low-renin subset insulin sensitive. Salt restriction might have an adverse effect on insulin sensitivity in non-modulators. The reduction in cardiovascular risk seen in low-renin hypertensives may be related to their increased insulin sensitivity; in contrast, the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors seen in nonmodulators may be due to increased insulin resistance. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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