Pulmonary epithelial response in the rat lung to instilled Montserrat respirable dusts and their major mineral components
| Autor: | David Housley, Timothy Peter Jones, Roy J. Richards, Sheila S. Anderson, Frederick D. Pooley, Kelly Ann Berube |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Male
West Indies Mineralogy Pyroclastic rock Volcanic Eruptions engineering.material Anorthite Q1 Rats Sprague-Dawley Animals Lung Quartz Minerals Chemistry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Dust Epithelial Cells Pulmonary Surfactants Organ Size Particulates respiratory system Silicon Dioxide Cristobalite R1 Rats Phreatic eruption Volcanic glass Environmental chemistry engineering Original Article Aluminum Silicates Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Volcanic ash |
| ISSN: | 1351-0711 |
| Popis: | Background: The Soufriere Hills, a stratovolcano on Montserrat, started erupting in July 1995, producing volcanic ash, both from dome collapse pyroclastic flows and phreatic explosions. The eruptions/ash resuspension result in high concentrations of suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere, which includes cristobalite, a mineral implicated in respiratory disorders. Aims: To conduct toxicological studies on characterised samples of ash, together with major components of the dust mixture (anorthite, cristobalite), and a bioreactive mineral control (DQ12 quartz). Methods: Rats were challenged with a single mass (1 mg) dose of particles via intratracheal instillation and groups sacrificed at one, three, and nine weeks. Acute bioreactivity of the particles was assessed by increases in lung permeability and inflammation, changes in epithelial cell markers, and increase in the size of bronchothoracic lymph nodes. Results: Data indicated that respirable ash derived from pyroclastic flows (20.1% cristobalite) or phreatic explosion (8.6% cristobalite) had minimal bioreactivity in the lung. Anorthite showed low bioreactivity, in contrast to pure cristobalite, which showed progressive increases in lung damage. Conclusion: Results suggests that either the percentage mass of cristobalite particles present in Montserrat ash was not sufficient as a catalyst in the lung environment, or its surface reactivity was masked by the non-reactive volcanic glass components during the process of ash formation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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