How Do Radionuclides Accumulate in Marine Organisms? A Case Study of Europium with Aplysina cavernicola
| Autor: | Hervé Michel, Marguerite Monfort, Joseph I. Pacold, François Oberhaensli, Christophe Moulin, Stefan G. Minasian, David K. Shuh, Christophe Den Auwer, Melody Maloubier, Yasmine Bottein, Pier-Lorenzo Solari |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Radioisotopes
Radionuclide Aquatic Organisms Americium Ecology Biosphere Biota General Chemistry 010501 environmental sciences Biology 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Europium Environmental Chemistry Curium Ecosystem Seawater Hyperaccumulator 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Trophic level Hydrosphere |
| Zdroj: | Environmental sciencetechnology. 50(19) |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 |
| Popis: | In the ocean, complex interactions between natural and anthropogenic radionuclides, seawater, and diverse marine biota provide a unique window through which to examine ecosystem and trophic transfer mechanisms in cases of accidental dissemination. The nature of interaction between radionuclides, the marine environment, and marine species is therefore essential for better understanding transfer mechanisms from the hydrosphere to the biosphere. Although data pertaining to the rate of global transfer are often available, little is known regarding the mechanism of environmental transport and uptake of heavy radionuclides by marine species. Among marine species, sponges are immobile active filter feeders and have been identified as hyperaccumulators of several heavy metals. We have selected the Mediterranean sponge Aplysina cavernicola as a model species for this study. Actinide elements are not the only source of radioactive release in cases of civilian nuclear events; however, their physicochemical transfer mechanisms to marine species remain largely unknown. We have targeted europium(III) as a representative of the trivalent actinides such as americium or curium. To unravel biological uptake mechanisms of europium in A. cavernicola, we have combined radiometric (γ) measurements with spectroscopic (time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, TRLIFS, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure, XANES) and imaging (transmission electron microscopy, TEM, and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, STXM) techniques. We have observed that the colloids of NaEu(CO |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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