Herpesvirus surveillance and discovery in zoo-housed ruminants
| Autor: | Bruce A. Rideout, Teagen G. Partin, Josephine Braun, Steven V. Kubiski, Justin S. Lee, Mark D. Schrenzel, Carmel L. Witte |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension
Subspecies Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Polymerase Chain Reaction law.invention 0403 veterinary science Database and Informatics Methods law Genotype Medicine and Health Sciences Polymerase chain reaction Data Management Subclinical infection Mammals 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary biology Eukaryota Phylogenetic Analysis Herpesviridae Infections Ruminants 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Phylogenetics Medical Microbiology Viral Pathogens GenBank Viruses Vertebrates Amino Acid Analysis Medicine Pathogens Sequence Analysis Research Article Herpesviruses Computer and Information Sciences Bioinformatics 040301 veterinary sciences Science Bovidae Research and Analysis Methods Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Gammaherpesvirinae Animals Evolutionary Systematics Molecular Biology Techniques Microbial Pathogens Molecular Biology Gene Taxonomy 030304 developmental biology Evolutionary Biology Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques Biology and life sciences Host (biology) Deer Organisms biology.organism_classification Virology Amniotes Animals Zoo DNA viruses Zoology Sequence Alignment |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 1, p e0246162 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Gammaherpesvirus infections are ubiquitous in captive and free-ranging ruminants and are associated with a variety of clinical diseases ranging from subclinical or mild inflammatory syndromes to fatal diseases such as malignant catarrhal fever. Gammaherpesvirus infections have been fully characterized in only a few ruminant species, and the overall diversity, host range, and biologic effects of most are not known. This study investigated the presence and host distribution of gammaherpesviruses in ruminant species at two facilities, the San Diego Zoo and San Diego Zoo Safari Park. We tested antemortem (blood, nasal or oropharyngeal swabs) or postmortem (internal organs) samples from 715 healthy or diseased ruminants representing 96 species and subspecies, using a consensus-based herpesvirus PCR for a segment of the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene. Among the 715 animals tested, 161 (22.5%) were PCR and sequencing positive for herpesvirus, while only 11 (6.83%) of the PCR positive animals showed clinical signs of malignant catarrhal fever. Forty-four DPOL genotypes were identified of which only 10 have been reported in GenBank. The data describe viral diversity within species and individuals, identify host ranges of potential new viruses, and address the proclivity and consequences of interspecies transmission during management practices in zoological parks. The discovery of new viruses with wide host ranges and presence of co-infection within individual animals also suggest that the evolutionary processes influencing Gammaherpesvirus diversity are more complex than previously recognized. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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