Changes of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae levels and soil microbial community during soil biosolarization using chitin as soil amendment

Autor: Tara E. Randall, Thomas R. Gordon, Jesús D. Fernández-Bayo, James J. Stapleton, Jean S. VanderGheynst, Yigal Achmon, Kelley V. Hestmark, Christopher W. Simmons, Duff R. Harrold
Přispěvatelé: Gupta, Vijai
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Research Facilities
Polymers
Fumigation
Chitin
Plant Science
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
01 natural sciences
Field capacity
chemistry.chemical_compound
Soil
Fusarium
Vegetables
Medicine and Health Sciences
Materials
Flowering Plants
Soil Microbiology
Fungal Pathogens
Multidisciplinary
biology
Chemistry
Microbiota
Plant Fungal Pathogens
Eukaryota
food and beverages
Plants
Lettuce
Mesocosms
Crop Production
Horticulture
Macromolecules
Medical Microbiology
Physical Sciences
Medicine
Pathogens
Research Article
Chemical Elements
General Science & Technology
Science
Materials Science
Amendment
Plant Pathogens
Mycology
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
complex mixtures
03 medical and health sciences
Fusarium oxysporum
Pest Control
Biological
Microbial Pathogens
Composting
fungi
Organisms
Fungi
Biology and Life Sciences
Plant Pathology
biology.organism_classification
Biological
Polymer Chemistry
Oxygen
030104 developmental biology
Microbial population biology
Soil water
Pest Control
010606 plant biology & botany
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 5, p e0232662 (2020)
PLoS ONE
PloS one, vol 15, iss 5
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Regulatory pressure along with environmental and human health concerns drive the development of soil fumigation alternatives such as soil biosolarization (SBS). SBS involves tarping soil that is at field capacity with a transparent film following amendment with certain organic materials. Heating via the greenhouse effect results in an increase of the soil temperature. The organic amendments can promote microbial activity that can enhance pest inactivation by depleting oxygen, producing biopesticidal fermentation products, and competing with pests. The properties of the organic amendments can heavily influence the type and magnitude of these effects. This study evaluated the viability of chitin as a novel SBS soil amendment to influence soil fungal and bacterial microbial communities, including control of the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae (FOL). Changes to FOL and the broader soil microbiota were monitored in response to biosolarization using 0.1% (by dry weight) amendment with chitin (Rootguard). FOL suppression was only observed in chitin amended soils that were incubated at room temperature, not under solarized conditions. Conversely, it decreased solarization efficacy in the upper (0-10 cm) soil layer. The presence of chitin also showed increase in FOL under anaerobic and fluctuating temperature regime conditions. Biosolarization with chitin amendment did exhibit an impact on the overall soil microbial community. The fungal genus Mortierella and the bacterial family Chitinophagaceae were consistently enriched in biosolarized soils with chitin amendment. This study showed low potential FOL suppression due chitin amendment at the studied levels. However, chitin amendment showed a higher impact on the fungal community than the bacterial community. The impact of these microbial changes on crop protection and yields need to be studied in the long-term.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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