Vulnerability of primitive human placental trophoblast to Zika virus
Autor: | Andrei P. Alexenko, Megan A. Sheridan, Velmurugan Balaraman, Dinar Yunusov, Yoel Sadovsky, Alexander W. E. Franz, Shinichiro Yabe, R. Michael Roberts, Sergio Verjovski-Almeida, Toshihiko Ezashi, Danny J. Schust |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Placenta 030106 microbiology Biology Virus Zika virus 03 medical and health sciences Syncytiotrophoblast Multiplicity of infection Pregnancy medicine Humans Conceptus Uganda Cells Cultured Embryonic Stem Cells reproductive and urinary physiology Multidisciplinary Cytotrophoblast Zika Virus Infection Trophoblast Zika Virus biology.organism_classification Virology Trophoblasts Pregnancy Trimester First 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure PNAS Plus ZIKA VÍRUS embryonic structures Immunology Female Cambodia |
Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
Popis: | Infection of pregnant women by Asian lineage strains of Zika virus (ZIKV) has been linked to brain abnormalities in their infants, yet it is uncertain when during pregnancy the human conceptus is most vulnerable to the virus. We have examined two models to study susceptibility of human placental trophoblast to ZIKV: cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast derived from placental villi at term and colonies of trophoblast differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESC). The latter appear to be analogous to the primitive placenta formed during implantation. The cells from term placentas, which resist infection, do not express genes encoding most attachment factors implicated in ZIKV entry but do express many genes associated with antiviral defense. By contrast, the ESC-derived trophoblasts possess a wide range of attachment factors for ZIKV entry and lack components of a robust antiviral response system. These cells, particularly areas of syncytiotrophoblast within the colonies, quickly become infected, produce infectious virus and undergo lysis within 48 h after exposure to low titers (multiplicity of infection > 0.07) of an African lineage strain (MR766 Uganda: ZIKVU) considered to be benign with regards to effects on fetal development. Unexpectedly, lytic effects required significantly higher titers of the presumed more virulent FSS13025 Cambodia (ZIKVC). Our data suggest that the developing fetus might be most vulnerable to ZIKV early in the first trimester before a protective zone of mature villous trophoblast has been established. Additionally, MR766 is highly trophic toward primitive trophoblast, which may put the early conceptus of an infected mother at high risk for destruction. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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