Cross-species analysis between the maize smut fungi Ustilago maydis and Sporisorium reilianum highlights the role of transcriptional change of effector orthologs for virulence and disease
| Autor: | Weiliang Zuo, Marco Thines, Gunther Doehlemann, Jasper R L Depotter, Deepak K. Gupta |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Physiology Ustilago Virulence Plant Science 01 natural sciences Zea mays 03 medical and health sciences ddc:570 Gene conversion ddc:610 Gene 030304 developmental biology Plant Diseases 2. Zero hunger Genetics 0303 health sciences biology Effector Basidiomycota biology.organism_classification Smut Neofunctionalization Function (biology) 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | The New phytologistReferences. 232(2) |
| ISSN: | 1469-8137 |
| Popis: | The constitution and regulation of effector repertoires shape host-microbe interactions. Ustilago maydis and Sporisorium reilianum are two closely related smut fungi, which both infect maize but cause distinct disease symptoms. Understanding how effector orthologs are regulated in these two pathogens can therefore provide insights into the evolution of different infection strategies. We tracked the infection progress of U. maydis and S. reilianum in maize leaves and used two distinct infection stages for cross-species RNA-sequencing analyses. We identified 207 of 335 one-to-one effector orthologs as differentially regulated during host colonization, which might reflect the distinct disease development strategies. Using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene conversion, we identified two differentially expressed effector orthologs with conserved function between two pathogens. Thus, differential expression of functionally conserved genes might contribute to species-specific adaptation and symptom development. Interestingly, another differentially expressed orthogroup (UMAG_05318/Sr10075) showed divergent protein function, providing a possible case for neofunctionalization. Collectively, we demonstrated that the diversification of effector genes in related pathogens can be caused both by alteration on the transcriptional level and through functional diversification of the encoded effector proteins. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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