Mechanisms and timing of injury to the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine in simulated underbody blast PMHS impact tests
| Autor: | Paul C. Begeman, Scott McCarty, John M. Cavanaugh, James J. Kochkodan, Traci Ciarelli, Constantine K. Demetropoulos, Karthik Somasundaram, Donald Sherman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
Supine position Research Subjects Acceleration Biomedical Engineering Explosions 02 engineering and technology Biomaterials 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Lumbar Spinal fracture medicine Cadaver Humans Pelvis Orthodontics business.industry Accidents Traffic 030206 dentistry Torso 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Sacrum medicine.disease Vertebra Biomechanical Phenomena medicine.anatomical_structure Mechanics of Materials 0210 nano-technology business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 116 |
| ISSN: | 1878-0180 |
| Popis: | During an underbody blast (UBB) event, mounted occupants are exposed to high rate loading of the spine via the pelvis. The objective of this study was to simulate UBB loading conditions and examine mechanisms of injury in the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. Fourteen instrumented, whole-body, postmortem human subject (PMHS) experiments were performed using the WSU-decelerative horizontal sled system. The specimens were positioned supine on a decelerative sled, which then impacted an energy absorbing system mounted to a concrete barrier. Variables included the peak velocity and time-to-peak velocity for seat and floor, and the presence or absence of personal protective equipment (PPE) and seat padding. Post-test CT scans and autopsies were performed to identify the presence and severity of injuries. Acceleration and angular rate data collected at vertebra T1, T5, T8, T12, and S1 were used to assess injury timing and mechanisms. Additionally, joint time-frequency analysis (JTFA) of the spinal Z acceleration of the sacrum and vertebrae was developed with the aim of verifying spinal fracture timing. Injuries observed in the spine were attributed to axial compression applied through the pelvis, together with flexion moment due to the offset in the center of gravity of the torso, and are consistent with UBB-induced combat injuries reported in the literature. The injury timing estimation techniques discussed in this study provide a time interval when the fractures are predicted to have occurred. Furthermore, this approach serves as an alternative to the estimation methods using acoustic sensors, force and acceleration traces, and strain gauges. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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