β-Cell Pathophysiology: A Review of Advanced Optical Microscopy Applications
| Autor: | Francesco Cardarelli, Marta Tesi, Piero Marchetti, Gianmarco Ferri, Luca Pesce |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Ferri, G., Pesce, L., Tesi, M., Marchetti, P., Cardarelli, F. |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cell
Review 0302 clinical medicine Molecular level insulin granule Insulin-Secreting Cells biophysics β‐cell Homeostasis Glucose homeostasis animal glucose Biology (General) Spectroscopy Microscopy 0303 health sciences diabetes Chemistry General Medicine tracking biophysic β-cell Computer Science Applications medicine.anatomical_structure microscopy fluorescence Biological system FLIM QH301-705.5 Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences insulin-secreting cell medicine Animals Humans human Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology QD1-999 Fluorescent Dyes 030304 developmental biology Organic Chemistry Biophysics Diabetes Fluorescence Insulin granule Metabolism NADH Tracking Glucose Microscopy Fluorescence homeostasi Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin) Autofluorescence diabete fluorescent dye metabolism 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Function (biology) |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12820, p 12820 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | β-cells convert glucose (input) resulting in the controlled release of insulin (output), which in turn has the role to maintain glucose homeostasis. β-cell function is regulated by a complex interplay between the metabolic processing of the input, its transformation into second-messenger signals, and final mobilization of insulin-containing granules towards secretion of the output. Failure at any level in this process marks β-cell dysfunction in diabetes, thus making β-cells obvious potential targets for therapeutic purposes. Addressing quantitatively β-cell (dys)function at the molecular level in living samples requires probing simultaneously the spatial and temporal dimensions at the proper resolution. To this aim, an increasing amount of research efforts are exploiting the potentiality of biophysical techniques. In particular, using excitation light in the visible/infrared range, a number of optical-microscopy-based approaches have been tailored to the study of β-cell-(dys)function at the molecular level, either in label-free mode (i.e., exploiting intrinsic autofluorescence of cells) or by the use of organic/genetically-encoded fluorescent probes. Here, relevant examples from the literature are reviewed and discussed. Based on this, new potential lines of development in the field are drawn. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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