EFFECTS OF MALATHION ON DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN WOODHOUSE'S TOADS
| Autor: | Sharon K. Taylor, Kenneth W. Mills, Elizabeth S. Williams |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1999 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Amphibian Insecticides Administration Topical Physiology Toad Toxicology Random Allocation Disease susceptibility chemistry.chemical_compound biology.animal Animals Cholinesterases Prospective Studies Bufo Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Cholinesterase Dose-Response Relationship Drug integumentary system Ecology biology urogenital system Brain biology.organism_classification Clinical disease Bufonidae Aeromonas hydrophila chemistry Malathion biology.protein Cholinesterase Inhibitors Disease Susceptibility Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 35:536-541 |
| ISSN: | 0090-3558 |
| DOI: | 10.7589/0090-3558-35.3.536 |
| Popis: | Adult male Woodhouse's toads (Bufo woodhousi) developed clinical disease, hepatomegaly, and died at a higher rate when externally exposed once to either a high or low sublethal dose (0.011 or 0.0011 mg malathion/g toad) of field grade malathion and challenged with a sublethal dose of Aeromonas hydrophila injected intraperintoneally (1.1 x 10(4) bacteria/g toad) when compared to toads not exposed to malathion but challenged with A. hydrophila (P0.007). Toads exposed to malathion (high or low dose) and challenged with A. hyydrophila had clinical disease, hepatomegaly, and died at a higher rate [9 (90%) of 10] than toads exposed to malathion alone (P0.002). Toads exposed to the high and low doses of malathion had a 22% and 17% decrease in brain cholinesterase levels, respectively, when they were compared to nonmalathion exposed toads (P0.025, P0.006). It appears that field grade malathion applied externally to adult Woodhouse's toads may cause increased disease susceptibility when challenged with a potentially pathogenic bacteria. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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