A nervous tumor microenvironment: the impact of adrenergic stress on cancer cells, immunosuppression, and immunotherapeutic response
| Autor: | Elizabeth A. Repasky, Wen Wee Ma, Chelsey B. Reed, Bonnie L. Hylander, Jason W.-L. Eng, Kathleen M. Kokolus |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Sympathetic nervous system Sympathetic Nervous System Epinephrine medicine.medical_treatment Immunology Anxiety Biology Disease-Free Survival Article Immune tolerance Mice Norepinephrine Neoplasms Immune Tolerance Tumor Microenvironment medicine Animals Homeostasis Humans Immunology and Allergy Chronic stress Immunosuppression Therapy Tumor microenvironment Cancer Immunosuppression Fear medicine.disease Receptors Adrenergic medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology Tumor progression Cancer cell Disease Progression Cancer research Immunosuppressive Agents Stress Psychological |
| Zdroj: | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy. 63:1115-1128 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0851 0340-7004 |
| Popis: | Long conserved mechanisms maintain homeostasis in living creatures in response to a variety of stresses. However, continuous exposure to stress can result in unabated production of stress hormones, especially catecholamines, which can have detrimental health effects. While the long-term effects of chronic stress have well-known physiological consequences, recent discoveries have revealed that stress may affect therapeutic efficacy in cancer. Growing epidemiological evidence reveals strong correlations between progression-free and long-term survival and β-blocker usage in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how the catecholamines, epinephrine and norepinephrine, affect cancer cell survival and tumor progression. We also highlight new data exploring the potential contributions of stress to immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment and the implications of these findings for the efficacy of immunotherapies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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