Mediation and modification of genetic susceptibility to obesity by eating behaviors

Autor: Ken K. Ong, Véronique Pelloux, Emma A.D. Clifton, Felix R. Day, Marie-Aline Charles, Soren Brage, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Karine Clément, Nicholas J. Wareham, Yves Akoli Koudou, Nita G. Forouhi, Barbara Heude, Simon J. Griffin
Přispěvatelé: Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MRC Epidemiology Unit [Cambridge, UK] (Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Addenbrooke’s Hospital [Cambridge, UK]-Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (IMS), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Public Health and Primary Care [Cambridge, UK] (Institute of Public Health), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine [0000-0001-5887-8842], Clifton, Emma Ad [0000-0002-1649-7248], Day, Felix R [0000-0003-3789-7651], Brage, Soren [0000-0002-1265-7355], Forouhi, Nita G [0000-0002-5041-248X], Griffin, Simon J [0000-0002-2157-4797], Wareham, Nicholas J [0000-0003-1422-2993], Charles, Marie-Aline [0000-0003-4025-4390], Heude, Barbara [0000-0002-1565-1629], Ong, Ken K [0000-0003-4689-7530], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Gerontology
Male
Emotions
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Appetite
Eating
0302 clinical medicine
Cognition
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
030212 general & internal medicine
Body mass index
media_common
2. Zero hunger
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
Self-control
Emotional eating
Middle Aged
Genetic risk score
3. Good health
Female
medicine.symptom
Dieting
Clinical psychology
Adult
Mediation (statistics)
media_common.quotation_subject
Population
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Hyperphagia
Article
Self-Control
03 medical and health sciences
BMI
Sex Factors
Genetic predisposition
medicine
Genetics
Humans
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Eating behavior
Obesity
education
business.industry
Feeding Behavior
medicine.disease
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Gene-Environment Interaction
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
business
[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Zdroj: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, American Society for Nutrition, 2017, 106 (4), pp.996-1004. ⟨10.3945/ajcn.117.157396⟩
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2017, 106 (4), pp.996-1004. ⟨10.3945/ajcn.117.157396⟩
ISSN: 0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.157396⟩
Popis: Background: Many genetic variants show highly robust associations with body mass index (BMI). However, the mechanisms through which genetic susceptibility to obesity operates are not well understood. Potentially modifiable mechanisms, including eating behaviors, are of particular interest to public health.Objective: Here we explore whether eating behaviors mediate or modify genetic susceptibility to obesity.Design: Genetic risk scores for BMI (BMI-GRSs) were calculated for 3515 and 2154 adults in the Fenland and EDEN (Etude des determinants pre et postnatals de la sante et du developpement de l'enfant) population-based cohort studies, respectively. The eating behaviors-emotional eating, uncontrolled eating, and cognitive restraint-were measured through the use of a validated questionnaire. The mediating effect of each eating behavior on the association between the BMI-GRS and measured BMI was assessed by using the Sobel test. In addition, we tested for interactions between each eating behavior and the BMI-GRS on BMI.Results: The association between the BMI-GRS and BMI was mediated by both emotional eating (EDEN: P-Sobel = 0.01; Fenland: P-Sobel = 0.02) and uncontrolled eating (EDEN: P-Sobel = 0.04; Fenland: P-Sobel = 0.0006) in both sexes combined. Cognitive restraint did not mediate this association (P-Sobel > 0.10), except among EDEN women (P-Sobel = 0.0009). Cognitive restraint modified the relation between the BMI-GRS and BMI among men (EDEN: P-interaction = 0.0001; Fenland: P-interaction = 0.04) and Fenland women (P-interaction = 0.0004). By tertiles of cognitive restraint, the association between the BMI-GRS and BMI was strongest in the lowest tertile of cognitive restraint, and weakest in the highest tertile.Conclusions: Genetic susceptibility to obesity was partially mediated by the "appetitive" eating behavior traits (uncontrolled and emotional eating) and, in 3 of the 4 population groups studied, was modified by cognitive restraint. High levels of cognitive control over eating appear to attenuate the genetic susceptibility to obesity. Future research into interventions designed to support restraint may help to protect genetically susceptible individuals from weight gain.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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