Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, and Rodent Reservoirs of Leptospirosis in an Urban Community of Puerto Rico, 2015
| Autor: | Albert I. Ko, Tyler M. Sharp, Brenda Rivera-Garcia, Arnau Casanovas-Massana, Emily A Briskin, Nicole M Perez-Rodriguez, Kyle R. Ryff, Camila Hamond, Shirley Morales-Estrada, Daniel M. Weinberger, Elsio A. Wunder, Ivan Castro-Arellano, Kathryn M. Benavidez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Male Veterinary medicine Adolescent Urban Population animal diseases 030231 tropical medicine Rodentia 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult Major Articles and Brief Reports 0302 clinical medicine Leptospira Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Direct agglutination test medicine Immunology and Allergy Seroprevalence Animals Humans Leptospirosis Child Aged Disease Reservoirs Aged 80 and over biology Transmission (medicine) Risk of infection Puerto Rico Odds ratio Middle Aged biology.organism_classification medicine.disease bacterial infections and mycoses 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Cross-Sectional Studies Child Preschool bacteria Female Leptospira interrogans |
| Zdroj: | J Infect Dis |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 |
| Popis: | Background The burden of leptospirosis in Puerto Rico remains unclear due to underreporting. Methods A cross-sectional survey and rodent trapping was performed in a community within San Juan, Puerto Rico to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for Leptospira infection. The microscopic agglutination test was used to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies as a marker of previous infection. We evaluated Leptospira carriage by quantitative polymerase chain reaction among rodents trapped at the community site. Results Of 202 study participants, 55 (27.2%) had Leptospira agglutinating antibodies. Among the 55 seropositive individuals, antibodies were directed most frequently against serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae (22.0%) and Autumnalis (10.6%). Of 18 captured rodents, 11 (61.1%) carried pathogenic Leptospira (Leptospira borgpetersenii, 7 and Leptospira interrogans, 2). Four participants showed their highest titer against an isolate obtained from a rodent (serogroup Ballum). Increasing household distance to the canal that runs through the community was associated with decreased risk of infection (odds ratio = 0.934 per 10-meter increase; 95% confidence interval, .952–.992). Conclusions There are high levels of Leptospira exposure in an urban setting in Puerto Rico, for which rodents may be an important reservoir for transmission. Our findings indicate that prevention should focus on mitigating risk posed by infrastructure deficiencies such as the canal. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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