Specific microbiome-dependent mechanisms underlie the energy harvest efficiency of ruminants
| Autor: | Margret E. Berg Miller, Bryan A. White, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Thomer Durman, Goor Sasson, Naama Shterzer, Itzhak Mizrahi, Sheerli Kruger Ben Shabat, Shamay Yaacoby |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Rumen Animal feed Biomass Biology Microbiology Feed conversion ratio 03 medical and health sciences Microbial ecology Animals Food science Microbiome Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 2. Zero hunger business.industry Microbiota food and beverages Animal Feed Biotechnology 030104 developmental biology Environmental biotechnology 13. Climate action Livestock Cattle Female Original Article business Energy Metabolism Methane |
| Zdroj: | The ISME Journal |
| ISSN: | 1751-7370 |
| Popis: | Ruminants have the remarkable ability to convert human-indigestible plant biomass into human-digestible food products, due to a complex microbiome residing in the rumen compartment of their upper digestive tract. Here we report the discovery that rumen microbiome components are tightly linked to cows' ability to extract energy from their feed, termed feed efficiency. Feed efficiency was measured in 146 milking cows and analyses of the taxonomic composition, gene content, microbial activity and metabolomic composition was performed on the rumen microbiomes from the 78 most extreme animals. Lower richness of microbiome gene content and taxa was tightly linked to higher feed efficiency. Microbiome genes and species accurately predicted the animals' feed efficiency phenotype. Specific enrichment of microbes and metabolic pathways in each of these microbiome groups resulted in better energy and carbon channeling to the animal, while lowering methane emissions to the atmosphere. This ecological and mechanistic understanding of the rumen microbiome could lead to an increase in available food resources and environmentally friendly livestock agriculture. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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