Transcriptomic analysis reveals key factors in fruit ripening and rubbery texture caused by 1-MCP in papaya
Autor: | Xueping Li, Qiyang Gao, Weixin Chen, Xiaoyang Zhu, Jiling Huang, Shuangling Xiao, Lanlan Ye, Qinqin Tan, Xiaochun Ding |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Cyclopropanes
0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Ethylene 1-MCP Starch Plant Science 01 natural sciences Cell wall Transcriptome 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Rubbery texture Plant Growth Regulators Gene Expression Regulation Plant lcsh:Botany Cellulose and lignin Plant Proteins biology Carica Gene Expression Profiling food and beverages Ripening Metabolism Ethylenes biology.organism_classification lcsh:QK1-989 Metabolic pathway 030104 developmental biology Biochemistry chemistry Fruit Papaya Differentially expressed genes Plant hormone Research Article 010606 plant biology & botany |
Zdroj: | BMC Plant Biology, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-22 (2019) BMC Plant Biology |
ISSN: | 1471-2229 |
Popis: | Background Ethylene promotes fruit ripening whereas 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a non-toxic antagonist of ethylene, delays fruit ripening via the inhibition of ethylene receptor. However, unsuitable 1-MCP treatment can cause fruit ripening disorders. Results In this study, we show that short-term 1-MCP treatment (400 nL•L− 1, 2 h) significantly delays papaya fruit ripening with normal ripening characteristics. However, long-term 1-MCP treatment (400 nL•L− 1, 16 h) causes a “rubbery” texture of fruit. The comparative transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 5529 genes were differently expressed during fruit ripening compared to freshly harvested fruits. Comprehensive functional enrichment analysis showed that the metabolic pathways of carbon metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, biosynthesis of amino acids, and starch and sucrose metabolism are involved in fruit ripening. 1-MCP treatment significantly affected fruit transcript levels. A total of 3595 and 5998 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between short-term 1-MCP, long-term 1-MCP treatment and the control, respectively. DEGs are mostly enriched in the similar pathway involved in fruit ripening. A large number of DEGs were also identified between long-term and short-term 1-MCP treatment, with most of the DEGs being enriched in carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and biosynthesis of amino acids. The 1-MCP treatments accelerated the lignin accumulation and delayed cellulose degradation during fruit ripening. Considering the rubbery phenotype, we inferred that the cell wall metabolism and hormone signal pathways are closely related to papaya fruit ripening disorder. The RNA-Seq output was confirmed using RT-qPCR by 28 selected genes that were involved in cell wall metabolism and hormone signal pathways. Conclusions These results showed that long-term 1-MCP treatment severely inhibited ethylene signaling and the cell wall metabolism pathways, which may result in the failure of cell wall degradation and fruit softening. Our results reveal multiple ripening-associated events during papaya fruit ripening and provide a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying 1-MCP treatment on fruit ripening and the regulatory networks. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1904-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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