Aerobic biodegradation of tramadol by pre-adapted activated sludge culture: Cometabolic transformations and bacterial community changes during enrichment
| Autor: | Tvrtko Smital, Petra Kostanjevecki, Jovica Lončar, Marijan Ahel, Ines Petrić, Senka Terzić |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
food.ingredient 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences 010501 environmental sciences Waste Disposal Fluid 01 natural sciences Tramadol Biotransformation Taxonomic characterization Sludge culture Transformation products Ecotoxicological assessment food Environmental Chemistry Methylobacillus Xanthobacter Waste Management and Disposal Pedobacter 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Chromatography Bacteria Sewage biology Chemistry Enterobacter Biodegradation biology.organism_classification 16S ribosomal RNA Pollution Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences Biodegradation Environmental Activated sludge 13. Climate action Water Microbiology Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Science of the Total Environment |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.118 |
| Popis: | The biodegradation of biorecalcitrant opioid drug tramadol (TRAM) was studied in a model biodegradation experiment performed with an enriched activated sludge culture pre-adapted to high concentration of TRAM (20 mg/L). TRAM and its transformation products (TPs) were determined by applying ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS), the sludge culture was characterized using a 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, whereas ecotoxicological evaluation was performed based on determination of toxicity to freshwater algae. Tramadol removal was much faster (t1/2 = 1.3 days) and more efficient in glucose-containing mineral medium (cometabolic conditions) than in a medium without glucose. The elimination of the parent compound resulted in the formation of five TPs, two of which (TP 249 and TP 235) were identified as N-desmethyltramadol (N-DM TRAM) and N,N-didesmethyltramadol (N,N-diDM TRAM). The remaining 3 TPs (TP 277a-c) were isomeric compounds with an elemental composition of protonated molecules C16H24NO3 and a putative structure which involved oxidative modification of the dimethylamino group. Pronounced changes in the taxonomic composition of the activated sludge were observed during the enrichment, especially regarding an enhanced percentage of 8 genera (Bacillus, Mycobacterium, Enterobacter, Methylobacillus, Pedobacter, Xanthobacter, Leadbetterella and Kaistia), which might be related to the observed transformations. The removal of TRAM resulted in proportional reduction of algal toxicity, implying a positive result of the accomplished transformation processes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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