Seasonality elicits herbivores' escape from trophic control and favors induced resistance in a temperate macroalga

Autor:	Fiia Haavisto, Veijo Jormalainen
Rok vydání:	2014
Předmět:	Mesograzer biology Idotea balthica Ecology Grazing Fucus vesiculosus Foundation species biology.organism_classification Trophic cascade Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Grazing pressure Trophic level
Zdroj:	ResearcherID Scopus-Elsevier
ISSN:	0012-9658
DOI:	10.1890/13-2387.1
Popis:	Strong seasonality in temperate marine littoral environments triggers fluctuation in grazing and in trophic cascades. Variation in species interactions arising from seasonality may favor the evolution of induced resistance in macroalgae, but the coupling of induced resistance with temporally varying grazing pressure remains equivocal. Here we present a study where we manipulated the natural densities of herbivores and predatory fish to quantify seasonal variation in herbivory, induction of resistance, and cascading third-trophic-level effects on herbivory in the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus, a foundation species of the rocky littoral in the northern Baltic Sea. Our results demonstrate a vast seasonal variation in grazing triggered by highly synchronized reproduction of the main mesograzer in the area, Idotea balthica. High I. balthica density in autumn resulted in an 88% grazing loss and a strong induction of resistance to further feeding in F. vesiculosus. By the next spring, I. balthica densities had de...
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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