Intra‐individual variability in task performance after cognitive training is associated with long‐term outcomes in children
| Autor: | Cubillo, Ana, Hermes, Henning, Berger, Eva M, Winkel, Kirsten, Schunk, Daniel, Fehr, Ernst, Hare, Todd A |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | University of Zurich, Cubillo, Ana |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: |
2805 Cognitive Neuroscience
3204 Developmental and Educational Psychology fMRI Cognitive neuroscience working memory 330 Economics cognitive training Memory Short-Term individual variability children Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity 10007 Department of Economics attention control Task Performance and Analysis Humans Attention developmental and educational psychology Child intra |
| DOI: | 10.5167/uzh-217988 |
| Popis: | The potential benefits and mechanistic effects of working memory training (WMT) in children are the subject of much research and debate. We show that after five weeks of school-based, adaptive WMT 6-9 year-old primary school children had greater activity in prefrontal and striatal brain regions, higher task accuracy, and reduced intra-individual variability in response times compared to controls. Using a sequential sampling decision model, we demonstrate that this reduction in intra-individual variability can be explained by changes to the evidence accumulation rates and thresholds. Critically, intra-individual variability is useful in quantifying the immediate impact of cognitive training interventions, being a better predictor of academic skills and well-being 6-12 months after the end of training than task accuracy. Taken together, our results suggest that attention control is the initial mechanism that leads to the long-run benefits from adaptive WMT. Selective and sustained attention abilities may serve as a scaffold for subsequent changes in higher cognitive processes, academic skills, and general well-being. Furthermore, these results highlight that the selection of outcome measures and the timing of the assessments play a crucial role in detecting training efficacy. Thus, evaluating intra-individual variability, during or directly after training could allow for the early tailoring of training interventions in terms of duration or content to maximise their impact. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|