Identification and Characterization of a Versatile Retinoid Response Element (Retinoic Acid Receptor Response Element-Retinoid X Receptor Response Element) in the Mouse Tissue Transglutaminase Gene Promoter
| Autor: | Shan Lu, Nancy Shipley, Richard A. Heyman, James P. Basilion, Laszlo Nagy, Peter J.A. Davies, Zhong Hua Yan, Joseph P. Stein, Peter Syka, Roshantha A.S. Chandraratna, Margaret Saydak |
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| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase
Transcription Genetic Receptors Retinoic Acid Molecular Sequence Data Response element Retinoid receptor Regulatory Sequences Nucleic Acid Biology Retinoid X receptor Transfection Biochemistry Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic Cell Line Mice Retinoids Liver X receptor beta Sequence Homology Nucleic Acid Chlorocebus aethiops Animals Humans Luciferases Promoter Regions Genetic Molecular Biology Base Composition Binding Sites Transglutaminases Base Sequence Retinoid X receptor alpha 3T3 Cells Cell Biology Retinoid X receptor gamma Molecular biology Introns DNA-Binding Proteins Retinoid X Receptors Retinoic acid receptor alpha embryonic structures Retinoid X receptor beta Transcription Factors |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271:4355-4365 |
| ISSN: | 0021-9258 |
| DOI: | 10.1074/jbc.271.8.4355 |
| Popis: | Tissue transglutaminase (transglutaminase type II) is an intracellular protein cross-linking enzyme that accumulates in connective tissue and in cells undergoing apoptosis. Retinoids regulate the transcription of the mouse tissue transglutaminase gene via activation of regulatory elements contained within 4 kilobases of the 5'-end of the gene. Co-transfection studies with retinoid receptor expression vectors in CV-1 cells demonstrated that the mouse tissue transglutaminase promoter is activated by ligand activation of either retinoic acid receptor-retinoid X receptor (RAR.RXR) heterodimers or RXR homodimers. Optimal induction is achieved with retinoid receptor panagonists; partial activation can also be achieved with either RAR-specific or RXR-specific retinoids. Retinoid-dependent activation of the tissue transglutaminase promoter depends on both a proximal regulatory region containing sequences highly conserved between the human and the mouse tissue transglutaminase promoters and a distal region that includes a 30-base pair retinoid response element (mTGRRE1). mTGRRE1 contains three hexanucleotide half-sites (two canonical and one non-canonical) in a DR7/DR5 motif that bind both RAR*RXR heterodimers and RXR homodimers. These studies suggest that retinoid-dependent expression of the mouse tissue transglutaminase gene is mediated by a versatile tripartite retinoid response element located 1.7 kilobases upstream of the transcription start site. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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