Co-Infection Burden of Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Injecting Heroin Users at the Kenyan Coast
| Autor: | L. N. Wangai, Saida Osman, Rose C. Kitawi, Washingtone Ochieng, Florence Oloo, Gilbert Kokwaro, Raphael Lwembe, Bernhards Ogutu, Rashid Aman, Ruth S. Mwatelah |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Hepatitis C virus Hepacivirus lcsh:Medicine HIV Infections Comorbidity medicine.disease_cause Serology Internal medicine medicine Prevalence Humans lcsh:Science Immunodeficiency Harm reduction Analysis of Variance Multidisciplinary biology business.industry Coinfection Heroin Dependence lcsh:R virus diseases Hepatitis C Middle Aged biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology Kenya CD4 Lymphocyte Count Anti-Retroviral Agents Host-Pathogen Interactions HIV-1 lcsh:Q Female business Research Article |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 7, p e0132287 (2015) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Background Injection drug use is steadily rising in Kenya. We assessed the prevalence of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among injecting heroin users (IHUs) at the Kenyan Coast. Methods A total of 186 IHUs (mean age, 33 years) from the Omari rehabilitation center program in Malindi were consented and screened for HIV-1 and HCV by serology and PCR and their CD4 T-cells enumerated by FACS. Results Prevalence of HIV-1 was 87.5%, that of HCV was 16.4%, co-infection was 17.9% and 18/152 (11.8%) were uninfected. Only 5.26% of the HIV-1 negative injectors were HCV positive. Co-infection was higher among injectors aged 30 to 40 years (20.7%) and among males (22.1%) than comparable groups. About 35% of the injectors were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART). Co-infection was highest among injectors receiving D4T (75%) compared to those receiving AZT (21.6%) or TDF (10.5%) or those not on ART (10.5%). Mean CD4 T-cells were 404 (95% CI, 365 - 443) cells/mm3 overall, significantly lower for co-infected (mean, 146; 95% CI 114 – 179 cells/mm3) than HIV mono infected (mean, 437, 95% CI 386 – 487 cells/mm3, p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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