Methamphetamine and Cannabis: A Tale of Two Drugs and their Effects on HIV, Brain, and Behavior

Autor: Maria Cecilia Garibaldi Marcondes, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Marcus Kaul, Scott Letendre, Rowan Saloner, Igor Grant, Mariana Cherner, Sofie von Känel, Jerel Adam Fields
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
HIV Infections
Bioinformatics
Methamphetamine
Substance Misuse
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment
Immunology and Allergy
Blood-brain-barrier
Aetiology
media_common
biology
Brain
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Mitochondrial toxicity
Infectious Diseases
Blood-Brain Barrier
5.1 Pharmaceuticals
6.1 Pharmaceuticals
Neurological
HIV/AIDS
Marijuana Use
Mental health
Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions
Infection
medicine.drug
Drug
media_common.quotation_subject
Amphetamine-Related Disorders
Immunology
Neurocognitive Disorders
Neuroscience (miscellaneous)
Article
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Animals
Humans
Adverse effect
Neuroinflammation
Cannabis
Inflammation
Pharmacology
Neurology & Neurosurgery
Cannabinoid Research
business.industry
Neurosciences
Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions
Meth
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Brain Disorders
Good Health and Well Being
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Gut-brain-axis
Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC) Group
Drug Abuse (NIDA only)
business
Neurocognitive
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, vol 15, iss 4
J Neuroimmune Pharmacol
ISSN: 1557-1904
1557-1890
Popis: HIV infection and drug use intersect epidemiologically, and their combination can result in complex effects on brain and behavior. The extent to which drugs affect the health of persons with HIV (PWH) depends on many factors including drug characteristics, use patterns, stage of HIV disease and its treatment, comorbid factors, and age. To consider the range of drug effects, we have selected two that are in common use by PWH: methamphetamine and cannabis. We compare the effects of methamphetamine with those of cannabis, to illustrate how substances may potentiate, worsen, or even buffer the effects of HIV on the CNS. Data from human, animal, and ex vivo studies provide insights into how these drugs have differing effects on the persistent inflammatory state that characterizes HIV infection, including effects on viral replication, immune activation, mitochondrial function, gut permeability, blood brain barrier integrity, glia and neuronal signaling. Moving forward, we consider how these mechanistic insights may inform interventions to improve brain outcomes in PWH. This review summarizes literature from clinical and preclinical studies demonstrating the adverse effects of METH, as well as the potentially beneficial effects of cannabis, on the interacting systemic (e.g., gut barrier leakage/microbial translocation, immune activation, inflammation) and CNS-specific (e.g., glial activation/neuroinflammation, neural injury, mitochondrial toxicity/oxidative stress) mechanisms underlying HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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