Third-Stage Dispersal Juveniles of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Can Resist Low-Temperature Stress by Entering Cryptobiosis
Autor: | Wei Zhang, Rong Cui, Juewen Li, Xingyao Zhang, Yongxia Li, Long Pan, Jianwei Bai |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
B. xylophilus
General Immunology and Microbiology biology low-temperature stress QH301-705.5 osmotic regulation Bursaphelenchus xylophilus cryptobiosis medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Temperature stress Article General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Horticulture Xylophilus medicine Osmotic pressure Biological dispersal Dehydration Biology (General) General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Cryptobiosis Third stage |
Zdroj: | Biology Volume 10 Issue 8 Biology, Vol 10, Iss 785, p 785 (2021) |
ISSN: | 2079-7737 |
DOI: | 10.3390/biology10080785 |
Popis: | Simple Summary Pine wilt disease caused by the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus causes significant harm to China’s forests, but there are currently no effective prevention and control measures. Additionally, this devastating disease is currently spreading northward. We determined that third-stage dispersal juveniles of B. xylophilus can resist low-temperature stress by cryptobiosis, allowing these nematodes to tolerate a greater range of temperatures. These results facilitate the prediction of potential areas at risk for B. xylophilus in the mid-temperature and cold temperature zones of China. Abstract Nematodes can enter cryptobiosis by dehydration as an adaptation to low-temperature environments and recover from cryptobiosis by rehydration after environmental improvement. In this work, the survival of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus third-stage dispersal juveniles was studied in response to low-temperature treatment. The average survival rates were 1.7% after −80 °C treatment for 30 d and 82.2% after −20 °C treatment for 30 d. The changes of water content and inorganic salt ions that occur in pine trees during winter gradually alter the osmotic pressure in the liquid environment to dehydrate B. xylophilus juveniles, resulting in improved survival after low-temperature treatment. The survival rate at −20 °C improved to 92.1% when the juveniles entered cryptobiosis by osmotic regulation. The results of this study demonstrate that B. xylophilus third-stage dispersal juveniles can resist low-temperature stress through cryptobiosis, providing the theoretical basis for the identification of areas potentially vulnerable to B. xylophilus in the mid-temperature and cold temperature zones of China. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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