'Clean' Liquid Helium
| Autor: | Conrado Rillo, Stefano Spagna, M. Gabal, Javier Sesé |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Universidad de Zaragoza |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Impedance blockage
Hydrogen contamination Helium purification Liquid helium Small-scale helium liquefiers 02 engineering and technology 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Helium cryogenics 01 natural sciences Management law.invention Physics::Fluid Dynamics law 0103 physical sciences Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters Christian ministry Physics::Atomic Physics Business Helium liquefaction 010306 general physics 0210 nano-technology GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g. dictionaries encyclopedias glossaries) |
| Zdroj: | Superfluids and Superconductors Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| Popis: | Liquid helium is the coldest fluid that exists in nature. By virtue of this fact, any unwanted substance present in liquid helium, that is, any impurity, will be “frozen” and will be in solid form. In practice, these solid impurities can be easily eliminated to obtain “optically clean” liquid. However, even “optically clean” filtered liquid helium may contain a non-negligible quantity of molecular hydrogen. These minute traces of molecular hydrogen are the causes of a known problem worldwide: the blockage of capillary tubes in helium evaporation cryostats. This problem seriously affects a wide range of cryogenic equipment used in low-temperature physics research at a considerable operational cost increase. In this chapter, we propose an underlying mechanism for this effect and provide a definitive solution by means of production of hydrogen-free liquid helium, that is, not only “optically clean” liquid helium but completely “clean” liquid helium. Moreover, basic superfluidity research studies could benefit from the availability of “clean” liquid helium. The authors are greatly appreciative and acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Project No. MAT2015- 64083-R and through the Personal Técnico de Apoyo (PTA) 2016 program for personal funding. They would also like to acknowledge the use of Servicio General de Apoyo a la Investigación-SAI, Universidad de Zaragoza |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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