Histone deacetylases (HDACs): characterization of the classical HDAC family
| Autor: | Albert H. van Gennip, Annemieke J.M. de Ruijter, André B.P. van Kuilenburg, Huib N. Caron, Stephan Kemp |
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| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Histone-modifying enzymes
Histone acetylation and deacetylation Transcription Genetic Biology Biochemistry Histone Deacetylases Evolution Molecular Histones chemistry.chemical_compound Neoplasms Humans Histone code Tissue Distribution Molecular Biology Genetics Regulation of gene expression Histone deacetylase 5 Models Genetic Molecular Structure HDAC11 Acetylation Cell Biology HDAC4 Cell biology Isoenzymes Repressor Proteins Gene Expression Regulation chemistry Histone deacetylase Signal Transduction Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Biochemical Journal. 370:737-749 |
| ISSN: | 1470-8728 0264-6021 |
| Popis: | Transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes occurs within a chromatin setting, and is strongly influenced by the post-translational modification of histones, the building blocks of chromatin, such as methylation, phosphorylation and acetylation. Acetylation is probably the best understood of these modifications: hyperacetylation leads to an increase in the expression of particular genes, and hypoacetylation has the opposite effect. Many studies have identified several large, multisubunit enzyme complexes that are responsible for the targeted deacetylation of histones. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of the structure, function and tissue distribution of members of the classical histone deacetylase (HDAC) family, in order to gain insight into the regulation of gene expression through HDAC activity. SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) data show that HDACs are generally expressed in almost all tissues investigated. Surprisingly, no major differences were observed between the expression pattern in normal and malignant tissues. However, significant variation in HDAC expression was observed within tissue types. HDAC inhibitors have been shown to induce specific changes in gene expression and to influence a variety of other processes, including growth arrest, differentiation, cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis. This challenging field has generated many fascinating results which will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of gene transcription as a whole. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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