The chronic toxicity of emamectin benzoate to three marine benthic species using microcosms

Autor: Edwin M. Foekema, Bo Cheng, Dick Belgers, Ivo Roessink, J.W. Deneer, Jasper van Smeden, A.M. Matser, Paul J. Van den Brink
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Environmental Risk Assessment
Cerastoderma edule
Geologic Sediments
Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Fish farming
0211 other engineering and technologies
Fresh Water
02 engineering and technology
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Onderz. Form. D
Animal science
Benthic invertebrates
Animals
Amphipoda
14. Life underwater
Salmo
Arenicola marina
Emamectin benzoate
Toxicity Tests
Chronic
Chronic toxicity
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
021110 strategic
defence & security studies
Ivermectin
WIMEK
biology
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Sediment
Corophium volutator
Polychaeta
General Medicine
Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer
biology.organism_classification
Pollution
13. Climate action
Benthic zone
Environmental science
Microcosm
Sediment bioassay
Water Pollutants
Chemical
Environmental Monitoring
Zdroj: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 194 (2020)
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 194
ISSN: 0147-6513
Popis: The commercial farming of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, may require the periodic application of emamectin benzoate (EB) treatments to reduce the effects of biological pests, such as sea lice. As a result, EB is detected in sediments beneath these fish farms at considerable levels. Literature sediment toxicity data for EB for marine benthic species is only available for 10-day sediment toxicity tests, which might be too short to assess field effects. Here, we present a sediment toxicity test to determine 28-day mortality and growth effect concentrations for the non-target polychaete worm Arenicola marina, the crustacean Corophium volutator and the mollusk Cerastoderma edule using a marine microcosm setup. Results indicate that no concentration-dependent increase of mortality and growth rate was apparent to A. marina and C. edule. But for C. volutator, a concentration-dependent increase in mortality was observed, resulting in a calculated 28-d LC50 of 316 μg/kg dry sediment (95% confidence interval: 267–373 μg/kg dry sediment). There were significant effects on C. volutator growth rate at concentrations of 100 μg/kg dry sediment and above (NOEC = 30 μg/kg dry sediment). These observations show that C. volutator is more sensitive to EB than A. marina, which differs from results reported in previous studies. Comparison to the most sensitive NOEC (30 μg/kg dry sediment) found for C. volutator (organisms of 8–11 mm length), shows that the Environmental Quality Standard, derived by the Scottish Environment Protection Agency in 2017 which based on freshwater species data (NOEC = 1.175 μg/kg dry sediment), are relatively strict and is sufficiently protective for the marine species tested in this paper.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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