Spore sensitivity to sunlight and freezing can restrict dispersal in wood‐decay fungi
| Autor: | Elina Karhu, Anssi V. Vähätalo, Jenni Nordén, Otso Ovaskainen, Veera Norros |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Biosciences, Centre of Excellence in Metapopulation Research, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences, Otso Ovaskainen / Principal Investigator |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Basidiomycetes
spore viability long-distance dispersal Decomposer jäätyminen Spore germination OZONE DEPLETION sietokyky Original Research education.field_of_study Habitat fragmentation Ecology levinneisyys lahottajasienet self-inhibitor SOLAR-RADIATION Habitat connectivity 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology SURVIVAL ABUNDANCE liikkuminen FRAGMENTATION movement sienet leviäminen kuolleisuus ultraviolet radiation Population Biology BOREAL FORESTS herkkyys ultraviolettisäteily life-history evolution education Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics itiöt Nature and Landscape Conservation stress tolerance sensitiivisyys fungi AERIAL DISPERSAL stressi 15. Life on land mortality Spore itiökantaiset Habitat destruction germination ta1181 Biological dispersal habitat fragmentation valo |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/ece3.1589 |
| Popis: | Assessment of the costs and benefits of dispersal is central to understanding species' life-history strategies as well as explaining and predicting spatial population dynamics in the changing world. While mortality during active movement has received much attention, few have studied the costs of passive movement such as the airborne transport of fungal spores. Here, we examine the potential of extreme environmental conditions to cause dispersal mortality in wood-decay fungi. These fungi play a key role as decomposers and habitat creators in forest ecosystems and the populations of many species have declined due to habitat loss and fragmentation. We measured the effect of simulated solar radiation (including ultraviolet A and B) and freezing at -25 degrees C on the spore germinability of 17 species. Both treatments but especially sunlight markedly reduced spore germinability in most species, and species with thin-walled spores were particularly light sensitive. Extrapolating the species' laboratory responses to natural irradiance conditions, we predict that sunlight is a relevant source of dispersal mortality at least at larger spatial scales. In addition, we found a positive effect of spore size on spore germinability, suggesting a trade-off between dispersal distance and establishment. We conclude that freezing and particularly sunlight can be important sources of dispersal mortality in wood-decay fungi which can make it difficult for some species to colonize isolated habitat patches and habitat edges. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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