E-cigarettes and Western Diet: Important Metabolic Risk Factors for Hepatic Diseases
Autor: | Meher Parveen, Indrani Sinha-Hikim, Amiya P. Sinha-Hikim, Jorge Espinoza-Derout, Carl Sims, Xuesi Shao, Desean L. Lee, Theodore C. Friedman, Kamrul Hasan |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Liver Cirrhosis
0301 basic medicine Apolipoprotein E Male Biopsy Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems medicine.disease_cause Inbred C57BL Oral and gastrointestinal Nicotine chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Random Allocation 0302 clinical medicine Needle methods [Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction] 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors Aetiology Cotinine Mice Knockout Blotting Liver Disease Biopsy Needle blood [Cotinine] Immunohistochemistry 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Western medicine.drug medicine.medical_specialty Knockout Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Blotting Western Clinical Sciences Immunology Biology Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Article 03 medical and health sciences etiology [Fatty Liver] Internal medicine Tobacco medicine Animals Humans Protein kinase A Nutrition etiology [Liver Cirrhosis] Analysis of Variance adverse effects [Western] Tobacco Smoke and Health Gastroenterology & Hepatology Hepatology Triglyceride Animal Lipid metabolism medicine.disease Adenosine Diet Mice Inbred C57BL Fatty Liver Disease Models Animal Oxidative Stress Good Health and Well Being 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Diet Western Disease Models pathology Steatosis Digestive Diseases Oxidative stress |
Zdroj: | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), vol 69, iss 6 |
Popis: | The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), also known as e-cigarettes, with a variety of e-liquids/e-juices, is increasing at an alarming rate among adolescents who do not realize the potential harmful health effects. This study examines the harmful effects of ENDS on the liver. Apolipoprotein E null (ApoE-/-) mice on a western diet (WD) were exposed to saline or ENDS with 2.4% nicotine aerosol for 12 weeks using our mouse ENDS exposure model system, which delivers nicotine to mice and leads to equivalent serum cotinine levels found in human cigarette users. ApoE-/- mice on a WD exposed to ENDS exhibited a marked increase in hepatic lipid accumulation compared with ApoE-/- on a similar diet exposed to saline aerosol. The detrimental effects of ENDS on hepatic steatosis were associated with significantly greater oxidative stress, increased hepatic triglyceride levels, and increased hepatocyte apoptosis, independent of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling. In addition, hepatic RNA sequencing analysis revealed that 433 genes were differentially expressed in ENDS-exposed mice on WD compared with saline-exposed mice. Functional analysis indicates that genes associated with lipid metabolism, cholesterol biosynthesis, and circadian rhythm were most significantly altered in the liver in response to ENDS. Conclusion: These results demonstrate profound adverse effects of ENDS on the liver. This is important information for regulatory agencies as they regulate ENDS. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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