The Impact of Consuming Zinc-Biofortified Wheat Flour on Haematological Indices of Zinc and Iron Status in Adolescent Girls in Rural Pakistan: A Cluster-Randomised, Double-Blind, Controlled Effectiveness Trial
| Autor: | Swarnim Gupta, Mukhtiar Zaman, Sadia Fatima, Babar Shahzad, Anna K. M. Brazier, Victoria H. Moran, Martin R. Broadley, Munir H. Zia, Elizabeth H. Bailey, Lolita Wilson, Iqbal M. Khan, Jonathan K. Sinclair, Nicola M. Lowe |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Minerals
Nutrition and Dietetics Adolescent Iron Iron status Flour food and beverages B400 zinc biofortification plasma zinc concentration adolescent girls iron status wheat flour Pakistan minerals deficiency Wheat flour Zinc Food Fortified Humans Deficiency Female Adolescent girls Biofortification Plasma zinc concentration Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients; Volume 14; Issue 8; Pages: 1657 Nutrients |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| Popis: | Biofortification of wheat is potentially a sustainable strategy to improve zinc intake; however, evidence of its effectiveness is needed. A household-based, double-blind, cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in rural Pakistan. The primary objective was to examine the effects of consuming zinc-biofortified wheat flour on the zinc status of adolescent girls aged 10–16 years (n = 517). Households received either zinc-biofortified flour or control flour for 25 weeks; blood samples and 24-h dietary recalls were collected for mineral status and zinc intake assessment. Plasma concentrations of zinc (PZC), selenium and copper were measured via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and serum ferritin (SF), transferrin receptor, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and C-reactive protein by immunoassay. Consumption of the zinc-biofortified flour resulted in a moderate increase in intakes of zinc (1.5 mg/day) and iron (1.2 mg/day). This had no significant effect on PZC (control 641.6 ± 95.3 µg/L vs. intervention 643.8 ± 106.2 µg/L; p = 0.455), however there was an overall reduction in the rate of storage iron deficiency (SF < 15 µg/L; control 11.8% vs. 1.0% intervention). Consumption of zinc-biofortified flour increased zinc intake (21%) but was not associated with an increase in PZC. Establishing a sensitive biomarker of zinc status is an ongoing priority. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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