Biological approach in deinking of waste paper using bacterial cellulase as an effective enzyme catalyst
| Autor: | Ayman A. Ghfar, T. Indumathi, P. Senthil Kumar, Mary Isabella Sonali J, Rita Jayaraj, Saravanan Govindaraju, Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Paper
Environmental Engineering Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Cellulase engineering.material law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound law Environmental Chemistry Hemicellulose Recycling Fiber Cellulose biology Bacteria Chemistry Pulp (paper) Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Potassium nitrate General Medicine General Chemistry Deinking Pulp and paper industry Pollution engineering biology.protein Degradation (geology) Ink |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 287(Pt 2) |
| ISSN: | 1879-1298 |
| Popis: | Paper has become the basic elixir in everyone's activities and usage of paper has increased day by day, the waste generated by paper is also enormous. The primary source of paper is wood (tree) yet, waste paper is environmentally good and biodegradable; however, it is the primary source of deforestation. Current research aims to find an alternate way to recycle paper in the biological approach. Hence in our work, twelve cellulose-producing bacteria were isolated, out of which one bacterial strain proved to be the best. Cellulase enzyme was extracted and purified, and used for enzymatic de-inking of photocopy papers. The optimal conditions for cellulase synthesis were at 60 °C, glucose as the only carbon source, and potassium nitrate as the nitrogen source. The enzyme demonstrated excellent de-inking at a lower pulp consistency of 3% with a 20% enzyme dose. The cellulose and hemicellulose levels decreased, which can be attributed to fiber breaking. Further, the changes in the functional groups identified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and the changes in the surface morphology of the pulp fibers were obtained using scanning electron microscope analysis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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