Palonosetron is nonsuperior to ondansetron in acute phase but provides superior antiemetic control in delayed phase for pediatric patients administered highly emetogenic chemotherapy
| Autor: | Changchun Li, Xiang-ru Kong, Chao Yang, Liang Peng, Xiaohua Liang, Zhenzhen Zhao, Juan Tan, Jun Zhang, Shan Wang, Xiao-bin Deng |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Quinuclidines Adolescent Vomiting Nausea medicine.drug_class Dexamethasone Ondansetron 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Neoplasms Humans Medicine Antiemetic Prospective Studies Child Adverse effect business.industry Palonosetron Infant Newborn Infant Hematology Isoquinolines 030104 developmental biology Oncology Child Preschool 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Anesthesia Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Antiemetics Female medicine.symptom business medicine.drug Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting |
| Zdroj: | Pediatric Blood & Cancer. 65:e26815 |
| ISSN: | 1545-5009 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/pbc.26815 |
| Popis: | Purpose Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in children remains to be a major side effect despite antiemetic treatment. Palonosetron is a new generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonists effective against acute and delayed nausea and vomiting. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic values of palonosetron and ondansetron in preventing pediatric CINV. Methods A prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled study was conducted in 0–18 years old cancer patients administered highly emetogenic chemotherapy, with different dosage of palonosetron or ondansetron, both followed by dexamethasone. The patients were observed for vomiting and nausea from 0 to 120 hr after chemotherapy initiation. All adverse events (AEs) during the study period were recorded. This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, number ChiCTR-TRC-14004891. Results Between August 2014 and July 2016, 565 patients were randomly assigned to receive 5 μg/kg palonosetron (n = 185), 10 μg/kg palonosetron (n = 186), and 3 × 150 μg/kg ondansetron (n = 194), of whom 181, 185, and 189, respectively, were included in the efficacy analysis. Complete response (CR) rates during the acute phase were 69.1, 69.7, and 64.6%, respectively, in the 5 μg/kg palonosetron, 10 μg/kg palonosetron, and ondansetron groups. In the delayed phase, 10 μg/kg palonosetron (CR, 53.5%) showed superiority to 5 μg/kg palonosetron (CR, 39.8%) and ondansetron (CR, 32.8%) groups (P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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