Precise instructions determine participants’ memory search strategy in judgments of relative order in short lists
| Autor: | Michelle Chan, Jeremy B. Caplan, Guy Earle, Bernhard Ross |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Memoria
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Cognition Models Psychological Serial Learning Variable (computer science) Memory Short-Term Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Memory Order (business) Linear Models Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans Psychology Social psychology Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 16:945-951 |
| ISSN: | 1531-5320 1069-9384 |
| Popis: | Memory often requires knowledge of the order of events. Previous findings about immediate judgments of relative order in short, subspan lists are variable regarding whether participants' strategy is to search memory in the forward direction, starting from the first list item and progressing toward the end item, or in the backward direction, starting from the end item and progressing toward the start. We asked whether wording of the instructions influences participants' search direction. Participants studied sequences of three to six consonants, and for an immediate, two-item probe of each list, judged which probe was presented earlier ("earlier" instruction) or later ("later" instruction) on the list. Forward and backward searches were supported for "earlier" and "later" instructions, respectively. Our findings suggest that participants have more than one effective strategy for order judgments in short lists, and that subtle instructional differences can bias memory search in either the forward or backward direction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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