Enhancing cognition through pharmacological and environmental interventions: Examples from preclinical models of neurodevelopmental disorders
| Autor: | Riccardo Brambilla, Francesco Papaleo, Lorenzo Morè, Julie C. Lauterborn |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Elementary cognitive task
Cognitive Neuroscience Psychological intervention Brain Structure and Function Normal aging 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience Therapeutic approach Cognition 0302 clinical medicine Memory Animals Humans Learning 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology Set (psychology) Nootropic Agents Environmental enrichment 05 social sciences Brain Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Cognition Disorders Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| ISSN: | 0149-7634 |
| Popis: | In this review we discuss the role of environmental and pharmacological treatments to enhance cognition with special regards to neurodevelopmental related disorders and aging. How the environment influences brain structure and function, and the interactions between rearing conditions and gene expression, are fundamental questions that are still poorly understood. We propose a model that can explain some of the discrepancies in findings for effects of environmental enrichment on outcome measures. Evidence of a direct causal correlation of nootropics and treatments that enhanced cognition also will be presented, and possible molecular mechanisms that include neurotrophin signaling and downstream pathways underlying these processes are discussed. Finally we review recent findings achieved with a wide set of behavioral and cognitive tasks that have translational validity to humans, and should be useful for future work on devising appropriate therapies. As will be discussed, the collective findings suggest that a combinational therapeutic approach of environmental enrichment and nootropics could be particularly successful for improving learning and memory in both developmental disorders and normal aging. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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