Is host heparanase required for the rapid spread of heparan sulfate binding viruses?
| Autor: | Mayank Khanna, Jin-Ping Li, Anna Browne, Israel Vlodavsky, Christopher R. Parish, Charani Ranasinghe |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
viruses
Spleen Vaccinia virus Biology Virus Replication Virus Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Virology medicine Animals Humans Heparanase 030304 developmental biology Glucuronidase Mice Knockout 0303 health sciences 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Wild type virus diseases Heparan sulfate In vitro medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Heparan sulfate binding Heparitin Sulfate Vaccinia |
| Zdroj: | Virology. 529 |
| ISSN: | 1096-0341 |
| Popis: | Vaccinia virus (VACV), like many other viruses, binds to cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) prior to infecting cells. Since HS is ubiquitously expressed extracellularly, it seemed likely that VACV-HS interaction may impede virus spread, with host heparanase, the only known mammalian endoglycosidase that can degrade HS, potentially overcoming this problem. In support of this hypothesis, we found that, compared to wild type, mice deficient in heparanase showed a 1-3 days delay in the spread of VACV to distant organs, such as ovaries, following intranasal inoculation, or to ovaries and spleen following intramuscular inoculation. These delays in spread occurred despite heparanase deficiency having no effect on VACV replication at inoculation sites. Subsequent in vitro studies revealed that heparanase treatment released VACV from HS expressing, but not HS deficient, infected cell monolayers. Collectively these data suggest that VACV relies on host heparanase to degrade HS in order to spread to distant sites. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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