Upgrading Bio-Oil Produced from Corn Cobs and Cedrela odorata via Catalytic Olefination and Esterification with 3,7-Dimethyloct-1-ene and Butanol

Autor:	Olubunmi O. Ayodele, Ameerah O. Sanni, Oluwamayokun A. Obembe, Folasegun A. Dawodu, John O. Akintola, Bosede D. Agbejinmi
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2019
Předmět:	Article Subject 020209 energy General Chemical Engineering Butanol Sulfuric acid 02 engineering and technology Raw material 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Catalysis chemistry.chemical_compound Chemical engineering chemistry Reagent visual_art Biochar 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering visual_art.visual_art_medium TP155-156 Sawdust 0210 nano-technology Pyrolysis Nuclear chemistry
Zdroj:	International Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol 2019 (2019)
ISSN:	1687-806X
DOI:	10.1155/2019/9042425
Popis:	In this study, corn cobs (CC) and Cedrela odorata (CO) sawdust which are common waste materials in Nigeria were used as raw materials in the production of bio-oil through pyrolysis at 500°C, for 2 h. The biochar produced in the process was sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid under reflux at 150°C for 6 h and used as a solid acid catalyst for bio-oil upgrading. The bio-oil was upgraded by simultaneous olefination and esterification using 3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene and butanol which served as a reagent and cosolvent. FT-IR spectra of the activated biochar from CC and CO raw materials showed an absorbance in the range of 1032–1180 cm−1, which is indicative of asymmetric S=O bonds, and the spectra also revealed a band between 3400 and 3700 cm−1, which indicated presence of hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups and thus successful activation of the biochar. This observed IR absorbance was absent in the nonactivated biochar. Proximate analysis of upgraded bio-oils revealed a significant reduction in percentage water and oxygen contents, an increase in the high heating value (HHV) and flammability. The chemical composition of the bio-oils was determined using GC-MS, and it showed significant reduction in oxygenated compounds in the upgraded bio-oil as against their high composition in raw bio-oils.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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