Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
| Autor: | Juan Manuel Peralta-Sánchez, María Jesús Zurita-González, Eva Valdivia, Mercedes Maqueda, Alberto Baños, Antonio M. Martín-Platero, Miguel Rabelo-Ruiz, Juan José Ariza-Romero, Manuel Martínez-Bueno |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Egg production
Rare biosphere Lactococcus Allium-based phytobiotic Ileum Gut microbiota Biology Gut flora Alliaceae extract digestive system Article Cecum Lactobacillus lcsh:Zoology medicine lcsh:QL1-991 Food science Laying hens lcsh:Veterinary medicine High-throughput sequencing General Veterinary gut microbiota laying hens food and beverages high-throughput sequencing egg production biology.organism_classification Antimicrobial Illumina MiSeq platform UniFrac medicine.anatomical_structure lcsh:SF600-1100 Animal Science and Zoology |
| Zdroj: | Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI Animals, Vol 11, Iss 448, p 448 (2021) Digibug: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada Universidad de Granada (UGR) Animals Volume 11 Issue 2 Digibug. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada instname |
| ISSN: | 2076-2615 |
| Popis: | The misuse of antibiotics has led several countries to ban their use as prophylactics against bacterial diseases or as growth promoters in livestock and poultry. Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the alternatives, due to their antimicrobial activity and its modulation of the gut microbiota and the improvement of productive properties. Garlic and onion extracts, rich in antimicrobial compounds, are of the most promising alternative to antibiotics. We supplemented a garlic- and onion-based product in the diet to laying hens at the beginning of their productive life. The group supplied with this product produced in one month more eggs and with bigger size. This increase in production was accompanied by changes in the bacterial community of the gut. These changes in the microbiota suggest an improvement in food digestibility, as the most important changes produced by these compounds occur in the most distal parts of the gut. The relative abundance of beneficial Lactococcus in the ileum and Lactobacillus in the cecum increased in the experimental group. Both genera are known to have beneficial effects on host. These results are very promising for the use of these compounds in poultry for short periods. Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the explored alternatives to antibiotics in poultry and livestock due to their antimicrobial activity and its positive effects on gut microbiota and productive properties. In this study, we supplemented a product based on garlic and onion compounds in the diet to laying hens at the beginning of their productive life (from 16 to 20 weeks post-hatching). The experimental group showed a significant increase in the number of eggs laid and in their size, produced in one month compared to the control. This increase in production was accompanied by microbiota changes in the ileum and cecum by means of high throughput sequencing analyses. These bacterial shifts in the ileum were mainly the result of compositional changes in the rare biosphere (unweighted UniFrac), while in the cecum, treatment affected both majority and minority bacterial groups (weighted and unweighted UniFrac). These changes in the microbiota suggest an improvement in food digestibility. The relative abundance of Lactococcus in the ileum and Lactobacillus in the cecum increased significantly in the experimental group. The relative abundance of these bacterial genera are known to have positive effects on th Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo (Junta de Andalucía) University of Granada-CEI BioTic (Project No. P-BS-37) INTERCONECTA program (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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